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---
title: Object.keys()
slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/keys
tags:
- 'CCAC: Chrome Console Auto Copy'
- ECMAScript 5
- JavaScript
- Method
- Object
translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/keys
---
<p>{{JSRef}}</p>
<p><code><strong>Object.keys()</strong></code> 方法会返回一个由一个给定对象的自身可枚举属性组成的数组,数组中属性名的排列顺序和正常循环遍历该对象时返回的顺序一致 。</p>
<h2 id="Syntax" name="Syntax">语法</h2>
<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>Object.keys(<var>obj</var>)</code></pre>
<h3 id="Parameters" name="Parameters">参数</h3>
<dl>
<dt>obj</dt>
<dd>要返回其枚举自身属性的对象。</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="返回值">返回值</h3>
<p>一个表示给定对象的所有可枚举属性的字符串数组。</p>
<h2 id="Description" name="Description" style="margin-bottom: 20px; line-height: 30px;">描述</h2>
<p><code>Object.keys</code> 返回一个所有元素为字符串的数组,其元素来自于从给定的<code>object</code>上面可直接枚举的属性。这些属性的顺序与手动遍历该对象属性时的一致。</p>
<h2 id="例子">例子</h2>
<pre class="brush: js">// simple array
var arr = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
console.log(Object.keys(arr)); // console: ['0', '1', '2']
// array like object
var obj = { 0: 'a', 1: 'b', 2: 'c' };
console.log(Object.keys(obj)); // console: ['0', '1', '2']
// array like object with random key ordering
var anObj = { 100: 'a', 2: 'b', 7: 'c' };
console.log(Object.keys(anObj)); // console: ['2', '7', '100']
// getFoo is a property which isn't enumerable
var myObj = Object.create({}, {
getFoo: {
value: function () { return this.foo; }
}
});
myObj.foo = 1;
console.log(Object.keys(myObj)); // console: ['foo']</pre>
<p>如果你想获取一个对象的所有属性,,甚至包括不可枚举的,请查看{{jsxref("Object.getOwnPropertyNames")}}。</p>
<h2 id="注意">注意</h2>
<p>在ES5里,如果此方法的参数不是对象(而是一个原始值),那么它会抛出 TypeError。在ES2015中,非对象的参数将被强制转换为一个对象。</p>
<pre class="brush: js">Object.keys("foo");
// TypeError: "foo" is not an object (ES5 code)
Object.keys("foo");
// ["0", "1", "2"] (ES2015 code)</pre>
<h2 id="Polyfill">Polyfill</h2>
<p>要在原生不支持的旧环境中添加兼容的<code>Object.keys</code>,请复制以下代码段:</p>
<pre class="brush: js">if (!Object.keys) {
Object.keys = (function () {
var hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,
hasDontEnumBug = !({toString: null}).propertyIsEnumerable('toString'),
dontEnums = [
'toString',
'toLocaleString',
'valueOf',
'hasOwnProperty',
'isPrototypeOf',
'propertyIsEnumerable',
'constructor'
],
dontEnumsLength = dontEnums.length;
return function (obj) {
if (typeof obj !== 'object' && typeof obj !== 'function' || obj === null) throw new TypeError('Object.keys called on non-object');
var result = [];
for (var prop in obj) {
if (hasOwnProperty.call(obj, prop)) result.push(prop);
}
if (hasDontEnumBug) {
for (var i=0; i < dontEnumsLength; i++) {
if (hasOwnProperty.call(obj, dontEnums[i])) result.push(dontEnums[i]);
}
}
return result;
}
})()
};
</pre>
<p>上面的代码在IE7(也许IE8也是)下有个问题,就是如果传入一个来自其他 window 对象下的对象时,不可枚举的属性也会获取到。</p>
<p>另一个简单的实现,参见<a class="external" href="http://tokenposts.blogspot.com.au/2012/04/javascript-objectkeys-browser.html">Javascript - Object.keys Browser Compatibility</a>。</p>
<h2 id="规范" style="margin-bottom: 20px; line-height: 30px;">规范</h2>
<table class="standard-table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Specification</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Comment</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.2.3.14', 'Object.keys')}}</td>
<td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td>
<td>Initial definition.<br>
Implemented in JavaScript 1.8.5</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-object.keys', 'Object.keys')}}</td>
<td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-object.keys', 'Object.keys')}}</td>
<td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="浏览器兼容">浏览器兼容</h2>
<div>
<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Object.keys")}}</p>
</div>
<h2 id="See_also" name="See_also">相关链接</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Enumerability_and_ownership_of_properties">Enumerability and ownership of properties</a></li>
<li>{{jsxref("Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable()")}}</li>
<li>{{jsxref("Object.create()")}}</li>
<li>{{jsxref("Object.getOwnPropertyNames()")}}</li>
<li>{{jsxref("Object.values()")}}</li>
<li>{{jsxref("Object.entries()")}}</li>
</ul>
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