1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
|
---
title: Compositing example
slug: Web/API/Canvas_API/Tutorial/Compositing/Example
tags:
- Canvas
- Example
- Graphics
- HTML
- HTML5
- Tutorial
---
<div>{{CanvasSidebar}}</div>
<p>This sample program demonstrates a number of <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/CanvasRenderingContext2D/globalCompositeOperation">compositing operations</a>. The output looks like this:</p>
<p>{{EmbedLiveSample("Compositing_example", "100%", 7250)}}</p>
<h2 id="Compositing_example">Compositing example</h2>
<p>This code sets up the global values used by the rest of the program.</p>
<pre class="brush: js">var canvas1 = document.createElement("canvas");
var canvas2 = document.createElement("canvas");
var gco = [ 'source-over','source-in','source-out','source-atop',
'destination-over','destination-in','destination-out','destination-atop',
'lighter', 'copy','xor', 'multiply', 'screen', 'overlay', 'darken',
'lighten', 'color-dodge', 'color-burn', 'hard-light', 'soft-light',
'difference', 'exclusion', 'hue', 'saturation', 'color', 'luminosity'
].reverse();
var gcoText = [
'This is the default setting and draws new shapes on top of the existing canvas content.',
'The new shape is drawn only where both the new shape and the destination canvas overlap. Everything else is made transparent.',
'The new shape is drawn where it doesn\'t overlap the existing canvas content.',
'The new shape is only drawn where it overlaps the existing canvas content.',
'New shapes are drawn behind the existing canvas content.',
'The existing canvas content is kept where both the new shape and existing canvas content overlap. Everything else is made transparent.',
'The existing content is kept where it doesn\'t overlap the new shape.',
'The existing canvas is only kept where it overlaps the new shape. The new shape is drawn behind the canvas content.',
'Where both shapes overlap the color is determined by adding color values.',
'Only the new shape is shown.',
'Shapes are made transparent where both overlap and drawn normal everywhere else.',
'The pixels of the top layer are multiplied with the corresponding pixel of the bottom layer. A darker picture is the result.',
'The pixels are inverted, multiplied, and inverted again. A lighter picture is the result (opposite of multiply)',
'A combination of multiply and screen. Dark parts on the base layer become darker, and light parts become lighter.',
'Retains the darkest pixels of both layers.',
'Retains the lightest pixels of both layers.',
'Divides the bottom layer by the inverted top layer.',
'Divides the inverted bottom layer by the top layer, and then inverts the result.',
'A combination of multiply and screen like overlay, but with top and bottom layer swapped.',
'A softer version of hard-light. Pure black or white does not result in pure black or white.',
'Subtracts the bottom layer from the top layer or the other way round to always get a positive value.',
'Like difference, but with lower contrast.',
'Preserves the luma and chroma of the bottom layer, while adopting the hue of the top layer.',
'Preserves the luma and hue of the bottom layer, while adopting the chroma of the top layer.',
'Preserves the luma of the bottom layer, while adopting the hue and chroma of the top layer.',
'Preserves the hue and chroma of the bottom layer, while adopting the luma of the top layer.'
].reverse();
var width = 320;
var height = 340;
</pre>
<h3 id="Main_program">Main program</h3>
<p>When the page loads, this code runs to set up and run the example:</p>
<pre class="brush: js">window.onload = function() {
// lum in sRGB
var lum = {
r: 0.33,
g: 0.33,
b: 0.33
};
// resize canvas
canvas1.width = width;
canvas1.height = height;
canvas2.width = width;
canvas2.height = height;
lightMix()
colorSphere();
runComposite();
return;
};
</pre>
<p>And this code, <code>runComposite()</code>, handles the bulk of the work, relying on a number of utility functions to do the hard parts.</p>
<pre class="brush: js">function createCanvas() {
var canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
canvas.style.background = "url("+op_8x8.data+")";
canvas.style.border = "1px solid #000";
canvas.style.margin = "5px";
canvas.width = width/2;
canvas.height = height/2;
return canvas;
}
function runComposite() {
var dl = document.createElement("dl");
document.body.appendChild(dl);
while(gco.length) {
var pop = gco.pop();
var dt = document.createElement("dt");
dt.textContent = pop;
dl.appendChild(dt);
var dd = document.createElement("dd");
var p = document.createElement("p");
p.textContent = gcoText.pop();
dd.appendChild(p);
var canvasToDrawOn = createCanvas();
var canvasToDrawFrom = createCanvas();
var canvasToDrawResult = createCanvas();
var ctx = canvasToDrawResult.getContext('2d');
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height)
ctx.save();
ctx.drawImage(canvas1, 0, 0, width/2, height/2);
ctx.globalCompositeOperation = pop;
ctx.drawImage(canvas2, 0, 0, width/2, height/2);
ctx.globalCompositeOperation = "source-over";
ctx.fillStyle = "rgba(0,0,0,0.8)";
ctx.fillRect(0, height/2 - 20, width/2, 20);
ctx.fillStyle = "#FFF";
ctx.font = "14px arial";
ctx.fillText(pop, 5, height/2 - 5);
ctx.restore();
var ctx = canvasToDrawOn.getContext('2d');
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height)
ctx.save();
ctx.drawImage(canvas1, 0, 0, width/2, height/2);
ctx.fillStyle = "rgba(0,0,0,0.8)";
ctx.fillRect(0, height/2 - 20, width/2, 20);
ctx.fillStyle = "#FFF";
ctx.font = "14px arial";
ctx.fillText('existing content', 5, height/2 - 5);
ctx.restore();
var ctx = canvasToDrawFrom.getContext('2d');
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height)
ctx.save();
ctx.drawImage(canvas2, 0, 0, width/2, height/2);
ctx.fillStyle = "rgba(0,0,0,0.8)";
ctx.fillRect(0, height/2 - 20, width/2, 20);
ctx.fillStyle = "#FFF";
ctx.font = "14px arial";
ctx.fillText('new content', 5, height/2 - 5);
ctx.restore();
dd.appendChild(canvasToDrawOn);
dd.appendChild(canvasToDrawFrom);
dd.appendChild(canvasToDrawResult);
dl.appendChild(dd);
}
};
</pre>
<h3 id="Utility_functions">Utility functions</h3>
<p>The program relies on a number of utility functions.</p>
<pre class="brush: js">var lightMix = function() {
var ctx = canvas2.getContext("2d");
ctx.save();
ctx.globalCompositeOperation = "lighter";
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.fillStyle = "rgba(255,0,0,1)";
ctx.arc(100, 200, 100, Math.PI*2, 0, false);
ctx.fill()
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.fillStyle = "rgba(0,0,255,1)";
ctx.arc(220, 200, 100, Math.PI*2, 0, false);
ctx.fill()
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.fillStyle = "rgba(0,255,0,1)";
ctx.arc(160, 100, 100, Math.PI*2, 0, false);
ctx.fill();
ctx.restore();
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.fillStyle = "#f00";
ctx.fillRect(0,0,30,30)
ctx.fill();
};
</pre>
<pre class="brush: js">var colorSphere = function(element) {
var ctx = canvas1.getContext("2d");
var width = 360;
var halfWidth = width / 2;
var rotate = (1 / 360) * Math.PI * 2; // per degree
var offset = 0; // scrollbar offset
var oleft = -20;
var otop = -20;
for (var n = 0; n <= 359; n ++) {
var gradient = ctx.createLinearGradient(oleft + halfWidth, otop, oleft + halfWidth, otop + halfWidth);
var color = Color.HSV_RGB({ H: (n + 300) % 360, S: 100, V: 100 });
gradient.addColorStop(0, "rgba(0,0,0,0)");
gradient.addColorStop(0.7, "rgba("+color.R+","+color.G+","+color.B+",1)");
gradient.addColorStop(1, "rgba(255,255,255,1)");
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(oleft + halfWidth, otop);
ctx.lineTo(oleft + halfWidth, otop + halfWidth);
ctx.lineTo(oleft + halfWidth + 6, otop);
ctx.fillStyle = gradient;
ctx.fill();
ctx.translate(oleft + halfWidth, otop + halfWidth);
ctx.rotate(rotate);
ctx.translate(-(oleft + halfWidth), -(otop + halfWidth));
}
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.fillStyle = "#00f";
ctx.fillRect(15,15,30,30)
ctx.fill();
return ctx.canvas;
};
</pre>
<pre class="brush: js">// HSV (1978) = H: Hue / S: Saturation / V: Value
Color = {};
Color.HSV_RGB = function (o) {
var H = o.H / 360,
S = o.S / 100,
V = o.V / 100,
R, G, B;
var A, B, C, D;
if (S == 0) {
R = G = B = Math.round(V * 255);
} else {
if (H >= 1) H = 0;
H = 6 * H;
D = H - Math.floor(H);
A = Math.round(255 * V * (1 - S));
B = Math.round(255 * V * (1 - (S * D)));
C = Math.round(255 * V * (1 - (S * (1 - D))));
V = Math.round(255 * V);
switch (Math.floor(H)) {
case 0:
R = V;
G = C;
B = A;
break;
case 1:
R = B;
G = V;
B = A;
break;
case 2:
R = A;
G = V;
B = C;
break;
case 3:
R = A;
G = B;
B = V;
break;
case 4:
R = C;
G = A;
B = V;
break;
case 5:
R = V;
G = A;
B = B;
break;
}
}
return {
R: R,
G: G,
B: B
};
};
var createInterlace = function (size, color1, color2) {
var proto = document.createElement("canvas").getContext("2d");
proto.canvas.width = size * 2;
proto.canvas.height = size * 2;
proto.fillStyle = color1; // top-left
proto.fillRect(0, 0, size, size);
proto.fillStyle = color2; // top-right
proto.fillRect(size, 0, size, size);
proto.fillStyle = color2; // bottom-left
proto.fillRect(0, size, size, size);
proto.fillStyle = color1; // bottom-right
proto.fillRect(size, size, size, size);
var pattern = proto.createPattern(proto.canvas, "repeat");
pattern.data = proto.canvas.toDataURL();
return pattern;
};
var op_8x8 = createInterlace(8, "#FFF", "#eee");</pre>
|