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---
title: '@viewport'
slug: Web/CSS/@viewport
tags:
- Adaptation
- At-rule
- CSS
- Device
- NeedsContent
- NeedsTranslation
- Reference
- TopicStub
translation_of: Web/CSS/@viewport
---
<p>{{CSSRef}}</p>
<h2 id="Summary">Summary</h2>
<p>The<strong> <code>@viewport</code></strong> <a href="/en/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a> <a href="/en/CSS/At-rule" title="en/CSS/At-rule">at-rule</a> contains a set of nested descriptors in a CSS block that is delimited by curly braces. These descriptors control viewport settings, primarily on mobile devices.</p>
<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2>
<p>A <em>zoom factor</em> of <code>1.0</code> or <code>100%</code> corresponds to no zooming. Larger values zoom in. Smaller values zoom out.</p>
<h3 id="Descriptors">Descriptors</h3>
<p>Browsers are supposed to ignore unrecognized descriptors.</p>
<dl>
<dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/min-width"><code>min-width</code></a></dt>
<dd>Used in the determination of the width of the viewport when the document is first displayed.</dd>
<dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/max-width"><code>max-width</code></a></dt>
<dd>Used in the determination of the width of the viewport when the document is first displayed.</dd>
<dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/width"><code>width</code></a></dt>
<dd>A shorthand descriptor for setting both <code>min-width</code> and <code>max-width</code></dd>
<dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/min-height"><code>min-height</code></a></dt>
<dd>Used in the determination of the height of the viewport when the document is first displayed.</dd>
<dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/max-height"><code>max-height</code></a></dt>
<dd>Used in the determination of the height of the viewport when the document is first displayed.</dd>
<dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/height"><code>height</code></a></dt>
<dd>A shorthand descriptor for setting both <code>min-height</code> and <code>max-height</code></dd>
<dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/zoom"><code>zoom</code></a></dt>
<dd>Sets the initial zoom factor.</dd>
<dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/min-zoom"><code>min-zoom</code></a></dt>
<dd>Sets the minimum zoom factor.</dd>
<dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/max-zoom"><code>max-zoom</code></a></dt>
<dd>Sets the maximum zoom factor.</dd>
<dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/user-zoom"><code>user-zoom</code></a></dt>
<dd>Controls whether or not the user should be able to change the zoom factor.</dd>
<dt><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@viewport/orientation"><code>orientation</code></a></dt>
<dd>Controls the document's orientation.</dd>
</dl>
<h3 id="Formal_syntax">Formal syntax</h3>
<pre class="syntaxbox">{{csssyntax}}</pre>
<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2>
<pre class="eval" style="font-size: 14px;">@viewport {
min-width: 640px;
max-width: 800px;
}
@viewport {
zoom: 0.75;
min-zoom: 0.5;
max-zoom: 0.9;
}
@viewport {
orientation: landscape;
}</pre>
<h2 id="Specifications" name="Specifications">Specifications</h2>
<table class="standard-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">Specification</th>
<th scope="col">Status</th>
<th scope="col">Comment</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>{{SpecName('CSS3 Device', '#the-atviewport-rule', '@viewport')}}</td>
<td>{{Spec2('CSS3 Device')}}</td>
<td>Initial definition</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2>
<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p>
<div id="compat-desktop">
<table class="compat-table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Feature</th>
<th>Chrome</th>
<th>Firefox (Gecko)</th>
<th>Internet Explorer</th>
<th>Opera</th>
<th>Safari</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Basic support</td>
<td>29 (behind a flag) [4]</td>
<td>{{CompatNo()}} [2]</td>
<td>10 {{property_prefix("-ms")}}</td>
<td>11.10<br>
Removed in 15<br>
Reintroduced behind a flag in 16</td>
<td>{{CompatNo}} [3]</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div id="compat-mobile">
<table class="compat-table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Feature</th>
<th>Android</th>
<th>Chrome for Android</th>
<th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th>
<th>IE Mobile</th>
<th>Opera Mobile</th>
<th>Safari Mobile</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Basic support</td>
<td>4.4</td>
<td>29</td>
<td>{{CompatNo}} [2]</td>
<td>10{{property_prefix("-ms")}}[1]</td>
<td>11.10<br>
Removed in 15<br>
Reintroduced behind a flag in 16</td>
<td>{{CompatNo}} [3]</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>[1] There is a bug in IE Mobile 10 on older versions of Windows Phone 8, where <code>device-width</code>, when used within <code>@-ms-viewport</code>, evaluates to the screen width in physical pixels rather than normalized CSS pixels, which is wrong according to the specification. However, when used within a <code>viewport</code> {{HTMLElement("meta")}} tag, <code>device-width</code> evaluates correctly. According to Microsoft, this bug was fixed in <a href="http://blogs.windows.com/windows_phone/b/wpdev/archive/2013/10/14/introducing-windows-phone-preview-for-developers.aspx">Windows Phone 8 Update 3 (a.k.a. GDR3)</a>, although there are some reports that the <a href="http://www.nokia.com/us-en/windows-phone-black-update/">Lumia Black</a> GDR3 update did not fix the bug (at least on the Lumia 920). For more details and a workaround, <a href="http://timkadlec.com/2013/01/windows-phone-8-and-device-width/">see Tim Kadlec's blog post "Windows Phone 8 and Device-Width"</a>.</p>
<p>[2]: See {{bug(747754, 'summary')}}</p>
<p>[3]: See {{webkitbug(95959)}}</p>
<p>[4]: See <a href="https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=235457">Chromium issue #235457: Enable @viewport on all platforms</a></p>
<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>
<ul>
<li>{{HTMLElement("meta")}}, specifically <code><meta name="viewport"></code></li>
<li><a href="/en-US/docs/Mobile/Viewport_meta_tag">Using the viewport meta tag to control layout on mobile browsers</a></li>
</ul>
|
