1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
|
---
title: User-Agent
slug: Web/HTTP/Headers/User-Agent
translation_of: Web/HTTP/Headers/User-Agent
---
<div>{{HTTPSidebar}}</div>
<p><span class="seoSummary">User-Agent 請求標頭（request header）含有能令網路協議同級層（peer）識別發出該<a href="/zh-TW/docs/Glossary/User_agent">用戶代理</a>請求的軟體類型或版本號、該軟體使用的作業系統、還有軟體開發者的字詞串。</span></p>
<div class="note">
<p>請讀讀<a href="/zh-TW/docs/Web/HTTP/Browser_detection_using_the_user_agent">透過用戶代理偵測瀏覽器</a>以理解為什麼給不同的瀏覽器不同的頁面或服務是餿主意。</p>
</div>
<table class="properties">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="row">標頭類型</th>
<td>{{Glossary("Request header")}}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row">{{Glossary("Forbidden header name")}}</th>
<td>否</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="語法">語法</h2>
<pre class="syntaxbox">User-Agent: <product> / <product-version> <comment>
</pre>
<p>瀏覽器常見格式：</p>
<pre class="syntaxbox">User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (<system-information>) <platform> (<platform-details>) <extensions></pre>
<p>網路瀏覽器常用的格式：</p>
<pre class="syntaxbox">User-Agent: Mozilla/<version> (<system-information>) <platform> (<platform-details>) <extensions>
</pre>
<h2 id="指令">指令</h2>
<dl>
<dt><product></dt>
<dd>產品識別符：通常是名字或開發代號。</dd>
<dt><product-version></dt>
<dd>產品版本號。</dd>
<dt><comment></dt>
<dd>關於產品資訊的註解（如副產品訊息）。可能有、或沒有。</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="Firefox_UA_字串">Firefox UA 字串</h2>
<p>關於 Firefox 和基於 Gecko 的用戶代理字串，請參閱 <a href="/zh-TW/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/User-Agent/Firefox">Firefox 用戶代理字串參考</a>。Firefox 用戶代理字串大略上分成以下四個部份：</p>
<p><strong>Mozilla/5.0 (<em>platform</em>; rv:<em>geckoversion</em>) Gecko/<em>geckotrail</em> Firefox/<em>firefoxversion</em></strong></p>
<ol>
<li><code>Mozilla/5.0</code> is the general token that says the browser is Mozilla-compatible. For historical reasons, almost every browser today sends it.</li>
<li><strong><em>platform</em></strong> describes the native platform the browser is running on (Windows, Mac, Linux, Android, etc.), and if it's a mobile phone. <a href="/en-US/docs/Glossary/Firefox_OS">Firefox OS</a> phones simply say <code>Mobile</code> — the web is the platform. Note that <strong><em>platform</em></strong> can consist of multiple <code>"; "</code>-separated tokens. See below for further details and examples.</li>
<li><strong>rv:<em>geckoversion</em></strong> indicates the release version of Gecko (such as <em>"17.0"</em>). In recent browsers, <strong><em>geckoversion</em></strong> is the same as <strong><em>firefoxversion</em></strong>.</li>
<li><strong><em>Gecko/geckotrail</em></strong> indicates that the browser is based on <a href="/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Gecko">Gecko</a>. (On Desktop, <em><strong>geckotrail</strong></em> is always the fixed string <code>20100101</code>.)</li>
<li><em><strong>Firefox/firefoxversion</strong></em> indicates the browser is Firefox, and provides the version (such as "<em>17.0"</em>).</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="示例">示例</h3>
<pre>Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X <em>x.y</em>; rv:42.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/42.0
</pre>
<h2 id="Chrome_用戶代理字串">Chrome 用戶代理字串</h2>
<p>Chrome（或基於 Chromium/blink 引擎的瀏覽器）的用戶代理字串看起來像 Firefox。出於相容性的理由，它還會加上「KHTML, like Gecko」與「Safari」的字串。</p>
<h3 id="字串">字串</h3>
<pre>Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.103 Safari/537.36</pre>
<h2 id="Opera_用戶代理字串">Opera 用戶代理字串</h2>
<p>因為 Opera 瀏覽器的引擎也是基於 blink 的，所以語法也看起來也會很像。不過，還會加上「 OPR/<version>」一詞。</p>
<h3 id="示例_2">示例</h3>
<pre>Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.106 Safari/537.36 OPR/38.0.2220.41</pre>
<p>Opera 在使用 Presto 排版時的用戶代理字串</p>
<pre class="no-line-numbers">Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X; U; en) Presto/2.2.15 Version/10.00
Opera/9.60 (Windows NT 6.0; U; en) Presto/2.1.1</pre>
<h2 id="Safari_用戶代理字串">Safari 用戶代理字串</h2>
<p>此例的 safari 用戶代理字串是攜帶版，所以會出現「Mobile」一詞。</p>
<h3 id="示例_3">示例</h3>
<pre>Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 4.0.3; de-ch; HTC Sensation Build/IML74K) AppleWebKit/534.30 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/534.30</pre>
<h2 id="Internet_Explorer_用戶代理字串">Internet Explorer 用戶代理字串</h2>
<h3 id="示例_4">示例</h3>
<pre>Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0)</pre>
<h2 id="網路爬蟲與機器人的用戶代理字串">網路爬蟲與機器人的用戶代理字串</h2>
<h3 id="示例_5">示例</h3>
<pre>Googlebot/2.1 (+http://www.google.com/bot.html)</pre>
<h2 id="規範">規範</h2>
<table class="standard-table">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th scope="col">規範</th>
<th scope="col">標題</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>{{RFC(7231, "User-Agent", "5.5.3")}}</td>
<td>Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Semantics and Content</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>{{RFC(2616, "User-Agent", "14.43")}}</td>
<td>Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="瀏覽器相容性">瀏覽器相容性</h2>
<p class="hidden">The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out <a href="https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data">https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data</a> and send us a pull request.</p>
<p>{{Compat("http.headers.User-Agent")}}</p>
<h2 id="參閱">參閱</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://hacks.mozilla.org/2013/09/user-agent-detection-history-and-checklist/">User-Agent detection, history and checklist</a></li>
<li><a href="/zh-TW/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/User-Agent/Firefox">Firefox 用戶代理字串參考</a></li>
<li>
<p><a href="/zh-TW/docs/Web/HTTP/Browser_detection_using_the_user_agent">透過用戶代理偵測瀏覽器</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
|
