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---
title: 權限 (Permissions)
slug: WebAPI/Permissions
translation_of: Web/API/Permissions_API
---
<p>{{ draft() }}</p>
<p>{{ non-standard_header }}</p>
<p>{{ B2GOnlyHeader2('certified') }}</p>
<h2 id="摘要">摘要</h2>
<p>Permissions API 可顯示 Apps 所要求的所有權限，以利使用者管理。Apps 可透過此 API 而讀取其他 Apps 的權限並進一步變更。</p>
<p>透過 <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings" title="/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings"><code>PermissionSettings</code></a> 介面的 <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/window.navigator.mozPermissionSettings" title="/en-US/docs/DOM/window.navigator.mozPermissionSettings"><code>navigator.mozPermissionSettings</code></a> 屬性，即可存取 Permission Manager。</p>
<h2 id="已安裝_Apps_的權限">已安裝 Apps 的權限</h2>
<p>所有 Apps 均需透過自己的 manifest 檔案而要求權限。Apps 每次所使用的 API，均以「請求顯性權限 (Explicit Permission)」的 API 為主，並提示使用者是否通過權限。如果使用者選擇「不要再提示」，大概也就不太可能改變決定了。API 則能提供介面，以利使用者管理已發出的權限。</p>
<p>透過 <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.get" title="/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.get"><code>PermissionSettings.get()</code></a>、<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.set" title="/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.set"><code>set()</code></a>、<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.isExplicit" title="/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.isExplicit"><code>isExplicit()</code></a> 函式即可達到上述作業。</p>
<h3 id="讀取權限">讀取權限</h3>
<p>若要知道已發出權限的目前狀態，可使用 <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.get" title="/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.get"><code>PermissionSettings.get()</code></a> 函式。此函式可回傳字串，以顯示特定 Apps 權限的目前狀態。可能的數值有：</p>
<dl>
<dt>
<code>allow</code></dt>
<dd>
已通過該權限，且不需使用者的進一步互動。</dd>
<dt>
<code>denied</code></dt>
<dd>
已否決該權限；可能是系統或使用者所否決。</dd>
<dt>
<code>prompt</code></dt>
<dd>
代表該權限將以明顯的提示方法，詢問使用者是否給予權限。</dd>
<dt>
<code>unknown</code></dt>
<dd>
代表該 Apps 並未詢問此權限，也不會提示使用者是否給予權限。</dd>
</dl>
<pre class="brush: js">// Let's check all installed apps
var apps = navigator.mozApps.mgmt.getAll();
apps.onsuccess = function () {
var permission = navigator.mozPermissionSettings;
// Let's check the permission of each app
apps.result.forEach(function (app) {
var request, appName = app.manifest.name;
for (request in app.manifest.permission) {
// Let's get the current permission for each permission request by the application
var p = permission.get(request, app.manifestUrl, app.origine, false);
console.log(appName + ' asked for "' + request + '" permission, which is "' + p + '"')
}
});
}
</pre>
<h3 id="設定權限">設定權限</h3>
<p>只要使用 <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.set" title="/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.set"><code>PermissionSettings.set()</code></a> 函式即可設定權限。可能的數值均與 <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.get" title="/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.get"><code>get</code></a> 函式所存取的相同。</p>
<div class="note">
<p><strong>注意：</strong>根據 Apps 權限的不同，某些可能為隱性 (Implicit) 權限。若因為某種理由，Apps 嘗試將權限變更為隱性權限，就會產生錯誤。為了避免這種錯誤，可透過 <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.isExplicit" title="/en-US/docs/DOM/PermissionSettings.isExplicit"><code>PermissionSettings.isExplicit()</code></a> 函式而檢查是否為顯性權限。</p>
</div>
<pre class="brush: js">// Let's check all installed apps
var apps = navigator.mozApps.mgmt.getAll();
apps.onsuccess = function () {
var permission = navigator.mozPermissionSettings;
// Let's grant the permission of each app
apps.result.forEach(function (app) {
var request, appName = app.manifest.name;
for (request in app.manifest.permission) {
// If the permission is not explicit
if (!permission.isExplicit(request, app.manifestUrl, app.origine, false) {
// Let's ask the user for all permissions requested by the application
permission.set(request, app.manifestUrl, app.origine, false);
}
}
});
}</pre>
<h2 id="規格">規格</h2>
<p>不屬於任何規格。</p>
<h2 id="另可參閱">另可參閱</h2>
<ul>
<li>{{domxref("window.navigator.mozPermissionSettings","navigator.mozPermissionSettings")}}</li>
<li>{{domxref("PermissionSettings")}}</li>
</ul>
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