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diff --git a/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/index.html b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8780c0cb7b --- /dev/null +++ b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,464 @@ +--- +title: Array +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array +tags: + - Array + - Example + - Global Objects + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - Reference + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<div dir="rtl">شیء <strong><code>Array</code></strong> در جاوااسکریپت یک شیء عمومی است که در ساخت آرایه ها استفاده می شود که اشیائی سطح بالا شبیه فهرست هستند.</div> + +<div dir="rtl"></div> + +<p dir="rtl"><strong>ساخت یک آرایه</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var fruits = ['Apple', 'Banana']; + +console.log(fruits.length); +// 2 +</pre> + +<p dir="rtl"><strong>دسترسی به یک آیتم در آرایه (بر اساس نمایه)</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var first = fruits[0]; +// Apple + +var last = fruits[fruits.length - 1]; +// Banana +</pre> + +<p dir="rtl"><strong>اجرای حلقه روی آرایه</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">fruits.forEach(function(item, index, array) { + console.log(item, index); +}); +// Apple 0 +// Banana 1 +</pre> + +<p dir="rtl"><strong>اضافه کردن به انتهای آرایه</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var newLength = fruits.push('Orange'); +// ["Apple", "Banana", "Orange"] +</pre> + +<p dir="rtl"><strong>حذف کردن از انتهای آرایه</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var last = fruits.pop(); // remove Orange (from the end) +// ["Apple", "Banana"]; +</pre> + +<p dir="rtl"><strong>حذف کردن از ابتدای آرایه</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var first = fruits.shift(); // remove Apple from the front +// ["Banana"]; +</pre> + +<p dir="rtl"><strong>اضافه کردن به ابتدای آرایه</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var newLength = fruits.unshift('Strawberry') // add to the front +// ["Strawberry", "Banana"]; +</pre> + +<p dir="rtl"><strong>پیدا کردن نمایه یک آیتم در یک آرایه</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">fruits.push('Mango'); +// ["Strawberry", "Banana", "Mango"] + +var pos = fruits.indexOf('Banana'); +// 1 +</pre> + +<p dir="rtl"><strong>پاک کردن یک آیتم بر اساس موقعیت نمایه</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var removedItem = fruits.splice(pos, 1); // this is how to remove an item + +// ["Strawberry", "Mango"]</pre> + +<p dir="rtl"><strong>پاک کردن آیتم ها بر اساس موقعیت نمایه</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var vegetables = ['Cabbage', 'Turnip', 'Radish', 'Carrot']; +console.log(vegetables); +// ["Cabbage", "Turnip", "Radish", "Carrot"] + +var pos = 1, n = 2; + +var removedItems = vegetables.splice(pos, n); +// this is how to remove items, n defines the number of items to be removed, +// from that position(pos) onward to the end of array. + +console.log(vegetables); +// ["Cabbage", "Carrot"] (the original array is changed) + +console.log(removedItems); +// ["Turnip", "Radish"]</pre> + +<p dir="rtl"><strong>کپی کردن یک آرایه</strong></p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var shallowCopy = fruits.slice(); // this is how to make a copy +// ["Strawberry", "Mango"] +</pre> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">[<var>element0</var>, <var>element1</var>, ..., <var>elementN</var>] +new Array(<var>element0</var>, <var>element1</var>[, ...[, <var>elementN</var>]]) +new Array(<var>arrayLength</var>)</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>element<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>A JavaScript array is initialized with the given elements, except in the case where a single argument is passed to the <code>Array</code> constructor and that argument is a number (see the arrayLength parameter below). Note that this special case only applies to JavaScript arrays created with the <code>Array</code> constructor, not array literals created with the bracket syntax.</dd> + <dt><code>arrayLength</code></dt> + <dd>If the only argument passed to the <code>Array</code> constructor is an integer between 0 and 2<sup>32</sup>-1 (inclusive), this returns a new JavaScript array with its <code>length</code> property set to that number (<strong>Note:</strong> this implies an array of <code>arrayLength</code> empty slots, not slots with actual <code>undefined</code> values). If the argument is any other number, a {{jsxref("RangeError")}} exception is thrown.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p>Arrays are list-like objects whose prototype has methods to perform traversal and mutation operations. Neither the length of a JavaScript array nor the types of its elements are fixed. Since an array's length can change at any time, and data can be stored at non-contiguous locations in the array, JavaScript arrays are not guaranteed to be dense; this depends on how the programmer chooses to use them. In general, these are convenient characteristics; but if these features are not desirable for your particular use, you might consider using typed arrays.</p> + +<p>Arrays cannot use strings as element indexes (as in an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_array">associative array</a>) but must use integers. Setting or accessing via non-integers using <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_Objects#Objects_and_properties">bracket notation</a> (or <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Property_Accessors">dot notation</a>) will not set or retrieve an element from the array list itself, but will set or access a variable associated with that array's <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Properties">object property collection</a>. The array's object properties and list of array elements are separate, and the array's <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Indexed_collections#Array_methods">traversal and mutation operations</a> cannot be applied to these named properties.</p> + +<h3 id="Accessing_array_elements">Accessing array elements</h3> + +<p>JavaScript arrays are zero-indexed: the first element of an array is at index <code>0</code>, and the last element is at the index equal to the value of the array's {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} property minus 1. Using an invalid index number returns <code>undefined</code>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var arr = ['this is the first element', 'this is the second element', 'this is the last element']; +console.log(arr[0]); // logs 'this is the first element' +console.log(arr[1]); // logs 'this is the second element' +console.log(arr[arr.length - 1]); // logs 'this is the last element' +</pre> + +<p>Array elements are object properties in the same way that <code>toString</code> is a property, but trying to access an element of an array as follows throws a syntax error because the property name is not valid:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">console.log(arr.0); // a syntax error +</pre> + +<p>There is nothing special about JavaScript arrays and the properties that cause this. JavaScript properties that begin with a digit cannot be referenced with dot notation; and must be accessed using bracket notation. For example, if you had an object with a property named <code>'3d'</code>, it can only be referenced using bracket notation. E.g.:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var years = [1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010]; +console.log(years.0); // a syntax error +console.log(years[0]); // works properly +</pre> + +<pre class="brush: js">renderer.3d.setTexture(model, 'character.png'); // a syntax error +renderer['3d'].setTexture(model, 'character.png'); // works properly +</pre> + +<p>Note that in the <code>3d</code> example, <code>'3d'</code> had to be quoted. It's possible to quote the JavaScript array indexes as well (e.g., <code>years['2']</code> instead of <code>years[2]</code>), although it's not necessary. The 2 in <code>years[2]</code> is coerced into a string by the JavaScript engine through an implicit <code>toString</code> conversion. It is, for this reason, that <code>'2'</code> and <code>'02'</code> would refer to two different slots on the <code>years</code> object and the following example could be <code>true</code>:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">console.log(years['2'] != years['02']); +</pre> + +<p>Similarly, object properties which happen to be reserved words(!) can only be accessed as string literals in bracket notation (but it can be accessed by dot notation in firefox 40.0a2 at least):</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var promise = { + 'var' : 'text', + 'array': [1, 2, 3, 4] +}; + +console.log(promise['var']); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Relationship_between_length_and_numerical_properties">Relationship between <code>length</code> and numerical properties</h3> + +<p>A JavaScript array's {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} property and numerical properties are connected. Several of the built-in array methods (e.g., {{jsxref("Array.join", "join()")}}, {{jsxref("Array.slice", "slice()")}}, {{jsxref("Array.indexOf", "indexOf()")}}, etc.) take into account the value of an array's {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} property when they're called. Other methods (e.g., {{jsxref("Array.push", "push()")}}, {{jsxref("Array.splice", "splice()")}}, etc.) also result in updates to an array's {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} property.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var fruits = []; +fruits.push('banana', 'apple', 'peach'); + +console.log(fruits.length); // 3 +</pre> + +<p>When setting a property on a JavaScript array when the property is a valid array index and that index is outside the current bounds of the array, the engine will update the array's {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} property accordingly:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">fruits[5] = 'mango'; +console.log(fruits[5]); // 'mango' +console.log(Object.keys(fruits)); // ['0', '1', '2', '5'] +console.log(fruits.length); // 6 +</pre> + +<p>Increasing the {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}}.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">fruits.length = 10; +console.log(Object.keys(fruits)); // ['0', '1', '2', '5'] +console.log(fruits.length); // 10 +</pre> + +<p>Decreasing the {{jsxref("Array.length", "length")}} property does, however, delete elements.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">fruits.length = 2; +console.log(Object.keys(fruits)); // ['0', '1'] +console.log(fruits.length); // 2 +</pre> + +<p>This is explained further on the {{jsxref("Array.length")}} page.</p> + +<h3 id="Creating_an_array_using_the_result_of_a_match">Creating an array using the result of a match</h3> + +<p>The result of a match between a regular expression and a string can create a JavaScript array. This array has properties and elements which provide information about the match. Such an array is returned by {{jsxref("RegExp.exec")}}, {{jsxref("String.match")}}, and {{jsxref("String.replace")}}. To help explain these properties and elements, look at the following example and then refer to the table below:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Match one d followed by one or more b's followed by one d +// Remember matched b's and the following d +// Ignore case + +var myRe = /d(b+)(d)/i; +var myArray = myRe.exec('cdbBdbsbz'); +</pre> + +<p>The properties and elements returned from this match are as follows:</p> + +<table class="fullwidth-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td class="header">Property/Element</td> + <td class="header">Description</td> + <td class="header">Example</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>input</code></td> + <td>A read-only property that reflects the original string against which the regular expression was matched.</td> + <td>cdbBdbsbz</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>index</code></td> + <td>A read-only property that is the zero-based index of the match in the string.</td> + <td>1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>[0]</code></td> + <td>A read-only element that specifies the last matched characters.</td> + <td>dbBd</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>[1], ...[n]</code></td> + <td>Read-only elements that specify the parenthesized substring matches, if included in the regular expression. The number of possible parenthesized substrings is unlimited.</td> + <td>[1]: bB<br> + [2]: d</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Properties">Properties</h2> + +<dl> + <dt><code>Array.length</code></dt> + <dd>The <code>Array</code> constructor's length property whose value is 1.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Array.@@species", "get Array[@@species]")}}</dt> + <dd>The constructor function that is used to create derived objects.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Array.prototype")}}</dt> + <dd>Allows the addition of properties to all array objects.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Methods">Methods</h2> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("Array.from()")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates a new <code>Array</code> instance from an array-like or iterable object.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Array.isArray()")}}</dt> + <dd>Returns true if a variable is an array, if not false.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Array.of()")}}</dt> + <dd>Creates a new <code>Array</code> instance with a variable number of arguments, regardless of number or type of the arguments.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Array_instances"><code>Array</code> instances</h2> + +<p>All <code>Array</code> instances inherit from {{jsxref("Array.prototype")}}. The prototype object of the <code>Array</code> constructor can be modified to affect all <code>Array</code> instances.</p> + +<h3 id="Properties_2">Properties</h3> + +<div>{{page('/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/prototype', 'Properties')}}</div> + +<h3 id="Methods_2">Methods</h3> + +<h4 id="Mutator_methods">Mutator methods</h4> + +<div>{{page('en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/prototype', 'Mutator_methods')}}</div> + +<h4 id="Accessor_methods">Accessor methods</h4> + +<div>{{page('en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/prototype', 'Accessor_methods')}}</div> + +<h4 id="Iteration_methods">Iteration methods</h4> + +<div>{{page('en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/prototype', 'Iteration_methods')}}</div> + +<h2 id="Array_generic_methods"><code>Array</code> generic methods</h2> + +<div class="warning"> +<p><strong>Array generics are non-standard, deprecated and will get removed in the near future</strong>.</p> +</div> + +<p>{{Obsolete_Header("Gecko71")}}</p> + +<p>Sometimes you would like to apply array methods to strings or other array-like objects (such as function {{jsxref("Functions/arguments", "arguments", "", 1)}}). By doing this, you treat a string as an array of characters (or otherwise treat a non-array as an array). For example, in order to check that every character in the variable <var>str</var> is a letter, you would write:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">function isLetter(character) { + return character >= 'a' && character <= 'z'; +} + +if (Array.prototype.every.call(str, isLetter)) { + console.log("The string '" + str + "' contains only letters!"); +} +</pre> + +<p>This notation is rather wasteful and JavaScript 1.6 introduced a generic shorthand:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (Array.every(str, isLetter)) { + console.log("The string '" + str + "' contains only letters!"); +} +</pre> + +<p>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/String", "Generics", "#String_generic_methods", 1)}} are also available on {{jsxref("String")}}.</p> + +<p>These are <strong>not</strong> part of ECMAScript standards and they are not supported by non-Gecko browsers. As a standard alternative, you can convert your object to a proper array using {{jsxref("Array.from()")}}; although that method may not be supported in old browsers:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (Array.from(str).every(isLetter)) { + console.log("The string '" + str + "' contains only letters!"); +} +</pre> + +<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> + +<h3 id="Creating_an_array">Creating an array</h3> + +<p>The following example creates an array, <code>msgArray</code>, with a length of 0, then assigns values to <code>msgArray[0]</code> and <code>msgArray[99]</code>, changing the length of the array to 100.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var msgArray = []; +msgArray[0] = 'Hello'; +msgArray[99] = 'world'; + +if (msgArray.length === 100) { + console.log('The length is 100.'); +} +</pre> + +<h3 id="Creating_a_two-dimensional_array">Creating a two-dimensional array</h3> + +<p>The following creates a chess board as a two-dimensional array of strings. The first move is made by copying the 'p' in (6,4) to (4,4). The old position (6,4) is made blank.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var board = [ + ['R','N','B','Q','K','B','N','R'], + ['P','P','P','P','P','P','P','P'], + [' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '], + [' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '], + [' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '], + [' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '], + ['p','p','p','p','p','p','p','p'], + ['r','n','b','q','k','b','n','r'] ]; + +console.log(board.join('\n') + '\n\n'); + +// Move King's Pawn forward 2 +board[4][4] = board[6][4]; +board[6][4] = ' '; +console.log(board.join('\n')); +</pre> + +<p>Here is the output:</p> + +<pre class="eval">R,N,B,Q,K,B,N,R +P,P,P,P,P,P,P,P + , , , , , , , + , , , , , , , + , , , , , , , + , , , , , , , +p,p,p,p,p,p,p,p +r,n,b,q,k,b,n,r + +R,N,B,Q,K,B,N,R +P,P,P,P,P,P,P,P + , , , , , , , + , , , , , , , + , , , ,p, , , + , , , , , , , +p,p,p,p, ,p,p,p +r,n,b,q,k,b,n,r +</pre> + +<h3 id="Using_an_array_to_tabulate_a_set_of_values">Using an array to tabulate a set of values</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">values = []; +for (var x = 0; x < 10; x++){ + values.push([ + 2 ** x, + 2 * x ** 2 + ]) +}; +console.table(values)</pre> + +<p>Results in</p> + +<pre class="eval">0 1 0 +1 2 2 +2 4 8 +3 8 18 +4 16 32 +5 32 50 +6 64 72 +7 128 98 +8 256 128 +9 512 162</pre> + +<p>(First column is the (index))</p> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4', 'Array')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td>New methods added: {{jsxref("Array.isArray")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.indexOf", "indexOf")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.lastIndexOf", "lastIndexOf")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.every", "every")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.some", "some")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.forEach", "forEach")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.map", "map")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.filter", "filter")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.reduce", "reduce")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.reduceRight", "reduceRight")}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array-objects', 'Array')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>New methods added: {{jsxref("Array.from")}}, {{jsxref("Array.of")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.find", "find")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.findIndex", "findIndex")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.fill", "fill")}}, {{jsxref("Array.prototype.copyWithin", "copyWithin")}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES7', '#sec-array-objects', 'Array')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES7')}}</td> + <td>New method added: {{jsxref("Array.prototype.includes()")}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array-objects', 'Array')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td></td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + + + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Array")}}</p> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_Objects#Indexing_object_properties">JavaScript Guide: “Indexing object properties”</a></li> + <li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Indexed_collections#Array_object">JavaScript Guide: “Indexed collections: <code>Array</code> object”</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Array_comprehensions">Array comprehensions</a></li> + <li><a href="https://github.com/plusdude/array-generics">Polyfill for JavaScript 1.8.5 Array Generics and ECMAScript 5 Array Extras</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/JavaScript_typed_arrays">Typed Arrays</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/of/index.html b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/of/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0c5aa6d2fa --- /dev/null +++ b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/of/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ +--- +title: Array.of() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/of +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/of +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<div>متد Array.of() یک آرایه ی جدید شامل آرگومان های ارسال شده به آن میباشد میسازد، صرفنظر از تعداد و نوع آرگومان ها. </div> + +<p>تفاوت متد Array.of() و متد سازنده ی Array() در این میباشد که Array.of(7) یک آرایه با یک المنت که مقدارش 7 میباشد میسازد. در حالیکه Array(7) یک آرایه ی جدید با طول 7 که شامل 7 المنت یا slot با مقدار empty میسازد نه با مقدار undefined.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">Array.of(7); // [7] +Array.of(1, 2, 3); // [1, 2, 3] + +Array(7); // array of 7 empty slots +Array(1, 2, 3); // [1, 2, 3] +</pre> + +<h2 id="نحوه_استفاده">نحوه استفاده</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">Array.of(<var>element0</var>[, <var>element1</var>[, ...[, <var>elementN</var>]]])</pre> + +<h3 id="پارامترها">پارامترها</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>element<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>لیست المنت هایی که باید درون آرایه قرار بگیرند.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="مقدار_بازگشتی">مقدار بازگشتی</h3> + +<p>یک نمونه جدید از {{jsxref("Array")}} .</p> + +<h2 id="توضیحات">توضیحات</h2> + +<p>این تابع بخشی از ECMAScript 2015 استاندارد است. برای اطلاعات بیشتر لینک های زیر مراجعه کنید:</p> + +<p dir="ltr"><a href="https://gist.github.com/rwaldron/1074126"><code>Array.of</code></a> و <a href="https://gist.github.com/rwaldron/1074126"><code>Array.from</code> proposal</a> و <a href="https://gist.github.com/rwaldron/3186576"><code>Array.of</code> polyfill</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="مثال">مثال</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">Array.of(1); // [1] +Array.of(1, 2, 3); // [1, 2, 3] +Array.of(undefined); // [undefined] +</pre> + +<h2 id="چند_کاره_سازی">چند کاره سازی</h2> + +<p>در صورت عدم وجود <code>Array.of()</code> به صورت پیشفرض، با اجرای کد زیر قبل اجرای سایر کدها، تابع <code>Array.of()</code> را برای شما در کلاس Array پیاده سازی و قابل استفاده می نماید. برید حالشو ببرید.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (!Array.of) { + Array.of = function() { + return Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); + // Or + let vals = []; + for(let prop in arguments){ + vals.push(arguments[prop]); + } + return vals; + } +} +</pre> + +<h2 id="مشخصه_ها">مشخصه ها</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <thead> + <tr> + <th scope="col">مشخصه</th> + <th scope="col">وضعیت</th> + <th scope="col">توضیح</th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.of', 'Array.of')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES2015', '#sec-array.of', 'Array.of')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES2015')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="سازگاری_با_سایر_مرورگرها">سازگاری با سایر مرورگرها</h2> + +<div> + + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Array.of")}}</p> +</div> + +<h2 id="همچنین_ببینید"><strong>همچنین ببینید</strong></h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.from()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("TypedArray.of()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reduce/index.html b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reduce/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6145fa772e --- /dev/null +++ b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/array/reduce/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,579 @@ +--- +title: Array.prototype.reduce() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/Reduce +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/Reduce +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p> The <code><strong>reduce()</strong></code> method executes a <strong>reducer</strong> function (that you provide) on each element of the array, resulting in a single output value.</p> + +<p style="direction: rtl;">متد reduce یک تابع reducer (کاهش دهنده) را بر روی هر کدام از المان‌های آرایه اجرا میکند و در خروجی یک آرایه برمیگرداند. توجه داشته باشید که تابع reducer را شما باید بنویسید.</p> + +<div style="direction: rtl;">{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/array-reduce.html")}}</div> + + + +<p style="direction: rtl;">یک تابع کاهش دهنده 4 آرگومان دریافت میکند</p> + +<p>The <strong>reducer</strong> function takes four arguments:</p> + +<ol> + <li>Accumulator (acc) (انباشت کننده)</li> + <li>Current Value (cur) (مقدار فعلی)</li> + <li>Current Index (idx) (اندیس فعلی)</li> + <li>Source Array (src) (آرایه‌ی مبدا)</li> +</ol> + +<p>Your <strong>reducer</strong> function's returned value is assigned to the accumulator, whose value is remembered across each iteration throughout the array and ultimately becomes the final, single resulting value.</p> + +<p style="direction: rtl;">بنابراین آرگومان اول تابع reduce، کاهش دهنده، و آرگومان دوم، انباشتگر میباشد. به این ترتیب پس از اعمال کاهش دهنده بر روی هر کدام از المان‌های آرایه، انباشت کننده یا اکیومیولیتور نیز اعمال اثر میکند.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><var>arr.reduce(callback(accumulator, currentValue[, index[, array]])[, initialValue])</var></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>callback</code></dt> + <dd>A function to execute on each element in the array (except for the first, if no <code>initialValue</code> is supplied), taking four arguments: + <dl> + <dt><code>accumulator</code></dt> + <dd>The accumulator accumulates the callback's return values. It is the accumulated value previously returned in the last invocation of the callback, or <code>initialValue</code>, if supplied (see below).</dd> + <dt><code>currentValue</code></dt> + <dd>The current element being processed in the array.</dd> + <dt><code>index</code> {{optional_inline}}</dt> + <dd>The index of the current element being processed in the array. Starts from index 0 if an <code>initialValue</code> is provided. Otherwise, starts from index 1.</dd> + <dt><code>array</code> {{optional_inline}}</dt> + <dd>The array <code>reduce()</code> was called upon.</dd> + </dl> + </dd> + <dt><code>initialValue</code> {{optional_inline}}</dt> + <dd>A value to use as the first argument to the first call of the <code>callback</code>. If no <code>initialValue</code> is supplied, the first element in the array will be used and skipped. Calling <code>reduce()</code> on an empty array without an <code>initialValue</code> will throw a <code>TypeError</code>.</dd> +</dl> + +<h3 id="Return_value">Return value</h3> + +<p>The single value that results from the reduction.</p> + +<p style="direction: rtl;">مقدار بازگشتی مقداری واحد است.</p> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p>The <code>reduce()</code> method executes the <code>callback</code> once for each assigned value present in the array, taking four arguments:</p> + +<p style="direction: rtl;">تابع reduce، کال بک را یک بار بر روی مقدارهای الصاق شده در ارایه اعمال می کند و چهار ارگومان (ورودی) زیر را می پذیرد.</p> + +<ul> + <li><code>accumulator</code></li> + <li><code>currentValue</code></li> + <li><code>currentIndex</code></li> + <li><code>array</code></li> +</ul> + +<p>The first time the callback is called, <code>accumulator</code> and <code>currentValue</code> can be one of two values. If <code>initialValue</code> is provided in the call to <code>reduce()</code>, then <code>accumulator</code> will be equal to <code>initialValue</code>, and <code>currentValue</code> will be equal to the first value in the array. If no <code>initialValue</code> is provided, then <code>accumulator</code> will be equal to the first value in the array, and <code>currentValue</code> will be equal to the second.</p> + +<div class="note"> +<p><strong>Note:</strong> If <code>initialValue</code> is not provided, <code>reduce()</code> will execute the callback function starting at index 1, skipping the first index. If <code>initialValue</code> is provided, it will start at index 0.</p> +</div> + +<p>If the array is empty and no <code>initialValue</code> is provided, {{jsxref("TypeError")}} will be thrown. If the array only has one element (regardless of position) and no <code>initialValue</code> is provided, or if <code>initialValue</code> is provided but the array is empty, the solo value will be returned <em>without </em>calling<em> <code>callback</code>.</em></p> + +<p>It is usually safer to provide an <code>initialValue</code> because there are three possible outputs without <code>initialValue</code>, as shown in the following example.</p> + +<p style="direction: rtl;">برای احتیاط بهتر است که همیشه یک initialValue یا مقدار اولیه درنظر گرفت زیرا در صورت در نظر نگرفتن مقدار اولیه سه حالت ممکن است رخ دهد که در مثال زیر توضیح داده شده است.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var maxCallback = ( acc, cur ) => Math.max( acc.x, cur.x ); +var maxCallback2 = ( max, cur ) => Math.max( max, cur ); + +// reduce() without initialValue +[ { x: 22 }, { x: 42 } ].reduce( maxCallback ); // 42 +[ { x: 22 } ].reduce( maxCallback ); // { x: 22 } +[ ].reduce( maxCallback ); // TypeError + +// map/reduce; better solution, also works for empty or larger arrays +[ { x: 22 }, { x: 42 } ].map( el => el.x ) + .reduce( maxCallback2, -Infinity ); +</pre> + +<h3 id="How_reduce_works">How reduce() works</h3> + +<p>Suppose the following use of <code>reduce()</code> occurred:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">[0, 1, 2, 3, 4].reduce(function(accumulator, currentValue, currentIndex, array) { + return accumulator + currentValue; +}); +</pre> + +<p>The callback would be invoked four times, with the arguments and return values in each call being as follows:</p> + +<table> + <thead> + <tr> + <th scope="col"><code>callback</code></th> + <th scope="col"><code>accumulator</code></th> + <th scope="col"><code>currentValue</code></th> + <th scope="col"><code>currentIndex</code></th> + <th scope="col"><code>array</code></th> + <th scope="col">return value</th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="row">first call</th> + <td><code>0</code></td> + <td><code>1</code></td> + <td><code>1</code></td> + <td><code>[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]</code></td> + <td><code>1</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <th scope="row">second call</th> + <td><code>1</code></td> + <td><code>2</code></td> + <td><code>2</code></td> + <td><code>[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]</code></td> + <td><code>3</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <th scope="row">third call</th> + <td><code>3</code></td> + <td><code>3</code></td> + <td><code>3</code></td> + <td><code>[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]</code></td> + <td><code>6</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <th scope="row">fourth call</th> + <td><code>6</code></td> + <td><code>4</code></td> + <td><code>4</code></td> + <td><code>[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]</code></td> + <td><code>10</code></td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p>The value returned by <code>reduce()</code> would be that of the last callback invocation (<code>10</code>).</p> + +<p>You can also provide an {{jsxref("Functions/Arrow_functions", "Arrow Function","",1)}} instead of a full function. The code below will produce the same output as the code in the block above:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">[0, 1, 2, 3, 4].reduce( (accumulator, currentValue, currentIndex, array) => accumulator + currentValue ); +</pre> + +<p>If you were to provide an <code>initialValue</code> as the second argument to <code>reduce()</code>, the result would look like this:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">[0, 1, 2, 3, 4].reduce((accumulator, currentValue, currentIndex, array) => { + return accumulator + currentValue; +}, 10); +</pre> + +<table> + <thead> + <tr> + <th scope="col"><code>callback</code></th> + <th scope="col"><code>accumulator</code></th> + <th scope="col"><code>currentValue</code></th> + <th scope="col"><code>currentIndex</code></th> + <th scope="col"><code>array</code></th> + <th scope="col">return value</th> + </tr> + </thead> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="row">first call</th> + <td><code>10</code></td> + <td><code>0</code></td> + <td><code>0</code></td> + <td><code>[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]</code></td> + <td><code>10</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <th scope="row">second call</th> + <td><code>10</code></td> + <td><code>1</code></td> + <td><code>1</code></td> + <td><code>[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]</code></td> + <td><code>11</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <th scope="row">third call</th> + <td><code>11</code></td> + <td><code>2</code></td> + <td><code>2</code></td> + <td><code>[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]</code></td> + <td><code>13</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <th scope="row">fourth call</th> + <td><code>13</code></td> + <td><code>3</code></td> + <td><code>3</code></td> + <td><code>[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]</code></td> + <td><code>16</code></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <th scope="row">fifth call</th> + <td><code>16</code></td> + <td><code>4</code></td> + <td><code>4</code></td> + <td><code>[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]</code></td> + <td><code>20</code></td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<p>The value returned by <code>reduce()</code> in this case would be <code>20</code>.</p> + +<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> + +<h3 id="Sum_all_the_values_of_an_array">Sum all the values of an array</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var sum = [0, 1, 2, 3].reduce(function (accumulator, currentValue) { + return accumulator + currentValue; +}, 0); +// sum is 6 + +</pre> + +<p>Alternatively written with an arrow function:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var total = [ 0, 1, 2, 3 ].reduce( + ( accumulator, currentValue ) => accumulator + currentValue, + 0 +);</pre> + +<h3 id="Sum_of_values_in_an_object_array">Sum of values in an object array</h3> + +<p>To sum up the values contained in an array of objects, you <strong>must</strong> supply an <code>initialValue</code>, so that each item passes through your function.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var initialValue = 0; +var sum = [{x: 1}, {x: 2}, {x: 3}].reduce(function (accumulator, currentValue) { + return accumulator + currentValue.x; +},initialValue) + +console.log(sum) // logs 6 +</pre> + +<p>Alternatively written with an arrow function:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var initialValue = 0; +var sum = [{x: 1}, {x: 2}, {x: 3}].reduce( + (accumulator, currentValue) => accumulator + currentValue.x + ,initialValue +); + +console.log(sum) // logs 6</pre> + +<h3 id="Flatten_an_array_of_arrays">Flatten an array of arrays</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var flattened = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]].reduce( + function(accumulator, currentValue) { + return accumulator.concat(currentValue); + }, + [] +); +// flattened is [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] +</pre> + +<p>Alternatively written with an arrow function:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var flattened = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]].reduce( + ( accumulator, currentValue ) => accumulator.concat(currentValue), + [] +); +</pre> + +<h3 id="Counting_instances_of_values_in_an_object">Counting instances of values in an object</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var names = ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Tiff', 'Bruce', 'Alice']; + +var countedNames = names.reduce(function (allNames, name) { + if (name in allNames) { + allNames[name]++; + } + else { + allNames[name] = 1; + } + return allNames; +}, {}); +// countedNames is: +// { 'Alice': 2, 'Bob': 1, 'Tiff': 1, 'Bruce': 1 } +</pre> + +<h3 id="Grouping_objects_by_a_property">Grouping objects by a property</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var people = [ + { name: 'Alice', age: 21 }, + { name: 'Max', age: 20 }, + { name: 'Jane', age: 20 } +]; + +function groupBy(objectArray, property) { + return objectArray.reduce(function (acc, obj) { + var key = obj[property]; + if (!acc[key]) { + acc[key] = []; + } + acc[key].push(obj); + return acc; + }, {}); +} + +var groupedPeople = groupBy(people, 'age'); +// groupedPeople is: +// { +// 20: [ +// { name: 'Max', age: 20 }, +// { name: 'Jane', age: 20 } +// ], +// 21: [{ name: 'Alice', age: 21 }] +// } +</pre> + +<h3 id="Bonding_arrays_contained_in_an_array_of_objects_using_the_spread_operator_and_initialValue">Bonding arrays contained in an array of objects using the spread operator and initialValue</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">// friends - an array of objects +// where object field "books" - list of favorite books +var friends = [{ + name: 'Anna', + books: ['Bible', 'Harry Potter'], + age: 21 +}, { + name: 'Bob', + books: ['War and peace', 'Romeo and Juliet'], + age: 26 +}, { + name: 'Alice', + books: ['The Lord of the Rings', 'The Shining'], + age: 18 +}]; + +// allbooks - list which will contain all friends' books + +// additional list contained in initialValue +var allbooks = friends.reduce(function(accumulator, currentValue) { + return [...accumulator, ...currentValue.books]; +}, ['Alphabet']); + +// allbooks = [ +// 'Alphabet', 'Bible', 'Harry Potter', 'War and peace', +// 'Romeo and Juliet', 'The Lord of the Rings', +// 'The Shining' +// ]</pre> + +<h3 id="Remove_duplicate_items_in_array">Remove duplicate items in array</h3> + +<div class="blockIndicator note"> +<p><strong>Note:</strong> If you are using an environment compatible with {{jsxref("Set")}} and {{jsxref("Array.from()")}}, you could use <code>let orderedArray = Array.from(new Set(myArray));</code> to get an array where duplicate items have been removed.</p> +</div> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myArray = ['a', 'b', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'e', 'e', 'c', 'd', 'd', 'd', 'd']; +var myOrderedArray = myArray.reduce(function (accumulator, currentValue) { + if (accumulator.indexOf(currentValue) === -1) { + accumulator.push(currentValue); + } + return accumulator +}, []) + +console.log(myOrderedArray);</pre> + +<h3 id="Running_Promises_in_Sequence">Running Promises in Sequence</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">/** + * Runs promises from array of functions that can return promises + * in chained manner + * + * @param {array} arr - promise arr + * @return {Object} promise object + */ +function runPromiseInSequence(arr, input) { + return arr.reduce( + (promiseChain, currentFunction) => promiseChain.then(currentFunction), + Promise.resolve(input) + ); +} + +// promise function 1 +function p1(a) { + return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { + resolve(a * 5); + }); +} + +// promise function 2 +function p2(a) { + return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { + resolve(a * 2); + }); +} + +// function 3 - will be wrapped in a resolved promise by .then() +function f3(a) { + return a * 3; +} + +// promise function 4 +function p4(a) { + return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { + resolve(a * 4); + }); +} + +const promiseArr = [p1, p2, f3, p4]; +runPromiseInSequence(promiseArr, 10) + .then(console.log); // 1200 +</pre> + +<h3 id="Function_composition_enabling_piping">Function composition enabling piping</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Building-blocks to use for composition +const double = x => x + x; +const triple = x => 3 * x; +const quadruple = x => 4 * x; + +// Function composition enabling pipe functionality +const pipe = (...functions) => input => functions.reduce( + (acc, fn) => fn(acc), + input +); + +// Composed functions for multiplication of specific values +const multiply6 = pipe(double, triple); +const multiply9 = pipe(triple, triple); +const multiply16 = pipe(quadruple, quadruple); +const multiply24 = pipe(double, triple, quadruple); + +// Usage +multiply6(6); // 36 +multiply9(9); // 81 +multiply16(16); // 256 +multiply24(10); // 240 + +</pre> + +<h3 id="write_map_using_reduce">write map using reduce</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">if (!Array.prototype.mapUsingReduce) { + Array.prototype.mapUsingReduce = function(callback, thisArg) { + return this.reduce(function(mappedArray, currentValue, index, array) { + mappedArray[index] = callback.call(thisArg, currentValue, index, array); + return mappedArray; + }, []); + }; +} + +[1, 2, , 3].mapUsingReduce( + (currentValue, index, array) => currentValue + index + array.length +); // [5, 7, , 10] + +</pre> + +<h2 id="Polyfill">Polyfill</h2> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Production steps of ECMA-262, Edition 5, 15.4.4.21 +// Reference: http://es5.github.io/#x15.4.4.21 +// https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.reduce +if (!Array.prototype.reduce) { + Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'reduce', { + value: function(callback /*, initialValue*/) { + if (this === null) { + throw new TypeError( 'Array.prototype.reduce ' + + 'called on null or undefined' ); + } + if (typeof callback !== 'function') { + throw new TypeError( callback + + ' is not a function'); + } + + // 1. Let O be ? ToObject(this value). + var o = Object(this); + + // 2. Let len be ? ToLength(? Get(O, "length")). + var len = o.length >>> 0; + + // Steps 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 + var k = 0; + var value; + + if (arguments.length >= 2) { + value = arguments[1]; + } else { + while (k < len && !(k in o)) { + k++; + } + + // 3. If len is 0 and initialValue is not present, + // throw a TypeError exception. + if (k >= len) { + throw new TypeError( 'Reduce of empty array ' + + 'with no initial value' ); + } + value = o[k++]; + } + + // 8. Repeat, while k < len + while (k < len) { + // a. Let Pk be ! ToString(k). + // b. Let kPresent be ? HasProperty(O, Pk). + // c. If kPresent is true, then + // i. Let kValue be ? Get(O, Pk). + // ii. Let accumulator be ? Call( + // callbackfn, undefined, + // « accumulator, kValue, k, O »). + if (k in o) { + value = callback(value, o[k], k, o); + } + + // d. Increase k by 1. + k++; + } + + // 9. Return accumulator. + return value; + } + }); +} +</pre> + +<p>If you need to support truly obsolete JavaScript engines that do not support <code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/defineProperty">Object.defineProperty()</a></code>, it is best not to polyfill <code>Array.prototype</code> methods at all, as you cannot make them <strong>non-enumerable</strong>.</p> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.4.4.21', 'Array.prototype.reduce()')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.8.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-array.prototype.reduce', 'Array.prototype.reduce()')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-array.prototype.reduce', 'Array.prototype.reduce()')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td></td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<div> + + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Array.reduce")}}</p> +</div> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array.prototype.reduceRight()")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/index.html b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4c80478bda --- /dev/null +++ b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/function/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,156 @@ +--- +title: Function +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function +tags: + - Constructor + - Function + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function +--- +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<p>The <strong><code>Function</code> constructor</strong> creates a new <code>Function</code> object. Calling the constructor directly can create functions dynamically, but suffers from security and similar (but far less significant) performance issues to {{jsxref("eval")}}. However, unlike eval, the Function constructor creates functions which execute in the global scope only.</p> + +<div>{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/js/function-constructor.html")}}</div> + + + +<p>Every JavaScript function is actually a <code>Function</code> object. This can be seen with the code <code>(function(){}).constructor === Function</code> which returns true.</p> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>new Function ([<var>arg1</var>[, <var>arg2</var>[, ...<var>argN</var>]],] <var>functionBody</var>)</code></pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>arg1, arg2, ... arg<em>N</em></code></dt> + <dd>Names to be used by the function as formal argument names. Each must be a string that corresponds to a valid JavaScript identifier or a list of such strings separated with a comma; for example "<code>x</code>", "<code>theValue</code>", or "<code>a,b</code>".</dd> + <dt><code>functionBody</code></dt> + <dd>A string containing the JavaScript statements comprising the function definition.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p><code>Function</code> objects created with the <code>Function</code> constructor are parsed when the function is created. This is less efficient than declaring a function with a <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/function">function expression</a> or <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/function">function statement</a> and calling it within your code because such functions are parsed with the rest of the code.</p> + +<p>All arguments passed to the function are treated as the names of the identifiers of the parameters in the function to be created, in the order in which they are passed. Omitting an argument will result in the value of that parameter being <code>undefined</code>.</p> + +<p>Invoking the <code>Function</code> constructor as a function (without using the <code>new</code> operator) has the same effect as invoking it as a constructor.</p> + +<h2 id="Properties_and_Methods_of_Function">Properties and Methods of <code>Function</code></h2> + +<p>The global <code>Function</code> object has no methods or properties of its own. However, since it is a function itself, it does inherit some methods and properties through the prototype chain from {{jsxref("Function.prototype")}}.</p> + +<h2 id="Function_prototype_object"><code>Function</code> prototype object</h2> + +<h3 id="Properties">Properties</h3> + +<div>{{page('/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/prototype', 'Properties')}}</div> + +<h3 id="Methods">Methods</h3> + +<div>{{page('/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function/prototype', 'Methods')}}</div> + +<h2 id="Function_instances"><code>Function</code> instances</h2> + +<p><code>Function</code> instances inherit methods and properties from {{jsxref("Function.prototype")}}. As with all constructors, you can change the constructor's prototype object to make changes to all <code>Function</code> instances.</p> + +<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> + +<h3 id="Specifying_arguments_with_the_Function_constructor">Specifying arguments with the <code>Function</code> constructor</h3> + +<p>The following code creates a <code>Function</code> object that takes two arguments.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// Example can be run directly in your JavaScript console + +// Create a function that takes two arguments and returns the sum of those arguments +var adder = new Function('a', 'b', 'return a + b'); + +// Call the function +adder(2, 6); +// > 8 +</pre> + +<p>The arguments "<code>a</code>" and "<code>b</code>" are formal argument names that are used in the function body, "<code>return a + b</code>".</p> + +<h3 id="Difference_between_Function_constructor_and_function_declaration">Difference between Function constructor and function declaration</h3> + +<p>Functions created with the <code>Function</code> constructor do not create closures to their creation contexts; they always are created in the global scope. When running them, they will only be able to access their own local variables and global ones, not the ones from the scope in which the <code>Function</code> constructor was created. This is different from using {{jsxref("eval")}} with code for a function expression.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var x = 10; + +function createFunction1() { + var x = 20; + return new Function('return x;'); // this |x| refers global |x| +} + +function createFunction2() { + var x = 20; + function f() { + return x; // this |x| refers local |x| above + } + return f; +} + +var f1 = createFunction1(); +console.log(f1()); // 10 +var f2 = createFunction2(); +console.log(f2()); // 20<code> +</code></pre> + +<p>While this code works in web browsers, <code>f1()</code> will produce a <code>ReferenceError</code> in Node.js, as <code>x</code> will not be found. This is because the top-level scope in Node is not the global scope, and <code>x</code> will be local to the module.</p> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.0.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.3', 'Function')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-function-objects', 'Function')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-function-objects', 'Function')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<div> + + +<p>{{Compat("javascript.builtins.Function")}}</p> +</div> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Functions", "Functions and function scope")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/function", "function statement")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/function", "function expression")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Statements/function*", "function* statement")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Operators/function*", "function* expression")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("AsyncFunction")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("GeneratorFunction")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/index.html b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4db59a377c --- /dev/null +++ b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ +--- +title: Standard built-in objects +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects +tags: + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects +--- +<div> + <div> + {{jsSidebar("Objects")}}</div> +</div> +<h2 id="Summary" name="Summary">Summary</h2> +<p>This chapter documents all the JavaScript standard built-in objects, along with their methods and properties.</p> +<div class="onlyinclude"> + <p>The term "global objects" (or standard built-in objects) here is not to be confused with the <em>global object</em>. Here, global objects refer to <em>objects in the global scope</em> (but only if ECMAScript 5 strict mode is not used! Otherwise it returns <code>undefined</code>). The <em>global object</em> itself can be accessed by the {{jsxref("Operators/this", "this")}} operator in the global scope. In fact, the global scope <em>consists</em><em> of</em> the properties of the global object (including inherited properties, if any).</p> + <p>Other objects in the global scope are either <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Working_with_Objects#Creating_new_objects">created by the user script</a> or provided by the host application. The host objects available in browser contexts are documented in the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Reference">API reference</a>. For more information about the distinction between the <a href="/en-US/docs/DOM/DOM_Reference">DOM</a> and core <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript">JavaScript</a>, see <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/JavaScript_technologies_overview">JavaScript technologies overview</a>.</p> + <h2 id="Standard_objects_(by_category)">Standard objects (by category)</h2> + <h3 id="Value_properties">Value properties</h3> + <p>Global properties returning a simple value.</p> + <ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Infinity")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("NaN")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("undefined")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("null")}} literal</li> + </ul> + <h3 id="Function_properties">Function properties</h3> + <p>Global functions returning the result of a specific routine.</p> + <ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/eval", "eval()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/uneval", "uneval()")}} {{non-standard_inline()}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/isFinite", "isFinite()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/isNaN", "isNaN()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/parseFloat", "parseFloat()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/parseInt", "parseInt()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/decodeURI", "decodeURI()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/decodeURIComponent", "decodeURIComponent()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/encodeURI", "encodeURI()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/encodeURIComponent", "encodeURIComponent()")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/escape", "escape()")}} {{deprecated_inline()}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/unescape", "unescape()")}} {{deprecated_inline()}}</li> + </ul> + <h3 id="Fundamental_objects">Fundamental objects</h3> + <p>General language objects, functions and errors.</p> + <ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Object")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Function")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Boolean")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Symbol")}} {{experimental_inline()}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Error")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("EvalError")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("InternalError")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("RangeError")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("ReferenceError")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("StopIteration")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("SyntaxError")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("TypeError")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("URIError")}}</li> + </ul> + <h3 id="Numbers_and_dates">Numbers and dates</h3> + <p>Objects dealing with numbers, dates and mathematical calculations.</p> + <ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Number")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Math")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Date")}}</li> + </ul> + <h3 id="Text_processing">Text processing</h3> + <p>Objects for manipulating texts.</p> + <ul> + <li>{{jsxref("String")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("RegExp")}}</li> + </ul> + <h3 id="Indexed_collections">Indexed collections</h3> + <p>Collections ordered by an index. Array-type objects.</p> + <ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Int8Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Uint8Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Uint8ClampedArray")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Int16Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Uint16Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Int32Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Uint32Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Float32Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Float64Array")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("ParallelArray")}} {{non-standard_inline()}}</li> + </ul> + <h3 id="Keyed_collections">Keyed collections</h3> + <p>Collections of objects as keys. Elements iterable in insertion order.</p> + <ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Map")}} {{experimental_inline()}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Set")}} {{experimental_inline()}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("WeakMap")}} {{experimental_inline()}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("WeakSet")}} {{experimental_inline()}}</li> + </ul> + <h3 id="Structured_data">Structured data</h3> + <p>Data buffers and <strong>J</strong>ava<strong>S</strong>cript <strong>O</strong>bject <strong>N</strong>otation.</p> + <ul> + <li>{{jsxref("ArrayBuffer")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("DataView")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("JSON")}}</li> + </ul> + <h3 id="Control_abstraction_objects">Control abstraction objects</h3> + <ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Iterator")}} {{non-standard_inline()}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Generator")}} {{experimental_inline()}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Promise")}} {{experimental_inline()}}</li> + </ul> + <h3 id="Reflection">Reflection</h3> + <ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Reflect")}} {{experimental_inline()}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Proxy")}} {{experimental_inline()}}</li> + </ul> + <h3 id="Internationalization">Internationalization</h3> + <p>Additions to the ECMAScript core for language-sensitive functionalities.</p> + <ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Intl")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/Collator", "Intl.Collator")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/DateTimeFormat", "Intl.DateTimeFormat")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/NumberFormat", "Intl.NumberFormat")}}</li> + </ul> + <h3 id="Other">Other</h3> + <ul> + <li><code><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/arguments">arguments</a></code></li> + </ul> +</div> +<p> </p> diff --git a/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/null/index.html b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/null/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b90e55a245 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/null/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ +--- +title: 'null' +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/null +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/null +--- +<div> </div> + +<p dir="rtl">مقدار null نمایان گر مقداری هست که به صورت دستی (عمدی) می توانیم به یک متغییر نسبت دهیم،null یکی از {{Glossary("Primitive", "نوع های اولیه")}}. جاوا اسکریپت می باشد.</p> + +<h2 dir="rtl" id="شیوه_ی_نوشتن">شیوه ی نوشتن</h2> + +<pre dir="rtl"><code>null</code></pre> + +<h2 dir="rtl" id="توضیح">توضیح</h2> + +<p dir="rtl" id="Syntax">null باید به صورت حروف کوچک نوشته شود،null اقلب برای مشخص کردن مکان object به کار برده می شود و به هیچ object وابسته نمی باشد</p> + +<p dir="rtl">زمانی که می خواهید مقدار null یا undefined را بررسی کنید به <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Comparison_Operators">تفاوت مابین عملگر های بررسی (==) و (===) اگاه باشید</a>.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">// foo does not exist. It is not defined and has never been initialized: +> foo +"ReferenceError: foo is not defined" + +// foo is known to exist now but it has no type or value: +> var foo = null; foo +"null" +</pre> + +<h3 dir="rtl" id="تفاوت_بین_null_و_undefined">تفاوت بین null و undefined</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">typeof null // object (bug in ECMAScript, should be null) +typeof undefined // undefined +null === undefined // false +null == undefined // true +</pre> + +<h2 dir="rtl" id="مشخصات">مشخصات</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">مشخصات</th> + <th scope="col">وضعیت</th> + <th scope="col">توضیحات</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES1')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES1')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-4.3.11', 'null value')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-null-value', 'null value')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-null-value', 'null value')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 dir="rtl" id="سازگاری_مرورگرها">سازگاری مرورگرها</h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 dir="rtl" id="بیشتر_بخوانید">بیشتر بخوانید</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("undefined")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("NaN")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/regexp/index.html b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/regexp/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3419d5977b --- /dev/null +++ b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/regexp/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,597 @@ +--- +title: RegExp +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp +tags: + - Constructor + - JavaScript + - NeedsTranslation + - RegExp + - Regular Expressions + - TopicStub +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp +--- +<div>{{JSRef("Global_Objects", "RegExp")}}</div> + +<h2 id="Summary">Summary</h2> + +<p>The <code><strong>RegExp</strong></code> constructor creates a regular expression object for matching text with a pattern.</p> + +<p>For an introduction on what regular expressions are, read the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions">Regular Expressions chapter in the JavaScript Guide</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="Constructor">Constructor</h2> + +<p>Literal and constructor notations are possible:</p> + +<pre class="syntaxbox"><code>/<em>pattern</em>/<em>flags; +</em></code> +new <code>RegExp(<em>pattern</em> <em>[, flags]</em>)</code>; +</pre> + +<h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3> + +<dl> + <dt><code>pattern</code></dt> + <dd>The text of the regular expression.</dd> + <dt><code>flags</code></dt> + <dd> + <p>If specified, flags can have any combination of the following values:</p> + + <dl> + <dt><code>g</code></dt> + <dd>global match</dd> + <dt><code>i</code></dt> + <dd>ignore case</dd> + <dt><code>m</code></dt> + <dd>multiline; treat beginning and end characters (^ and $) as working over multiple lines (i.e., match the beginning or end of <em>each</em> line (delimited by \n or \r), not only the very beginning or end of the whole input string)</dd> + <dt><code>y</code></dt> + <dd>sticky; matches only from the index indicated by the <code>lastIndex</code> property of this regular expression in the target string (and does not attempt to match from any later indexes).</dd> + </dl> + </dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Description">Description</h2> + +<p>There are 2 ways to create a RegExp object: a literal notation and a constructor. To indicate strings, the parameters to the literal notation do not use quotation marks while the parameters to the constructor function do use quotation marks. So the following expressions create the same regular expression:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">/ab+c/i; +new RegExp("ab+c", "i"); +</pre> + +<p>The literal notation provides compilation of the regular expression when the expression is evaluated. Use literal notation when the regular expression will remain constant. For example, if you use literal notation to construct a regular expression used in a loop, the regular expression won't be recompiled on each iteration.</p> + +<p>The constructor of the regular expression object, for example, <code>new RegExp("ab+c")</code>, provides runtime compilation of the regular expression. Use the constructor function when you know the regular expression pattern will be changing, or you don't know the pattern and are getting it from another source, such as user input.</p> + +<p>When using the constructor function, the normal string escape rules (preceding special characters with \ when included in a string) are necessary. For example, the following are equivalent:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var re = /\w+/; +var re = new RegExp("\\w+"); +</pre> + +<h2 id="Special_characters_meaning_in_regular_expressions">Special characters meaning in regular expressions</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="#character-classes">Character Classes</a></li> + <li><a href="#character-sets">Character Sets</a></li> + <li><a href="#boundaries">Boundaries</a></li> + <li><a href="#grouping-back-references">Grouping and back references</a></li> + <li><a href="#quantifiers">Quantifiers</a></li> +</ul> + +<table class="fullwidth-table"> + <tbody> + <tr id="character-classes"> + <th colspan="2">Character Classes</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <th>Character</th> + <th>Meaning</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>.</code></td> + <td> + <p>(The dot, the decimal point) matches any single character <em>except</em> the newline characters: <code>\n</code> <code>\r</code> <code>\u2028</code> or <code>\u2029</code>.</p> + + <p>Note that the <code>m</code> multiline flag doesn't change the dot behavior. So to match a pattern across multiple lines the character set <code>[^]</code> can be used (if you don't mean an old version of IE, of course), it will match any character including newlines.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/.y/</code> matches "my" and "ay", but not "yes", in "yes make my day".</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\d</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches a digit character in the basic Latin alphabet. Equivalent to <code>[0-9]</code>.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/\d/</code> or <code>/[0-9]/</code> matches '2' in "B2 is the suite number."</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\D</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches any character that is not a digit in the basic Latin alphabet. Equivalent to <code>[^0-9]</code>.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/\D/</code> or <code>/[^0-9]/</code> matches 'B' in "B2 is the suite number."</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\w</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches any alphanumeric character from the basic Latin alphabet, including the underscore. Equivalent to <code>[A-Za-z0-9_]</code>.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/\w/</code> matches 'a' in "apple," '5' in "$5.28," and '3' in "3D."</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\W</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches any character that is not a word character from the basic Latin alphabet. Equivalent to <code>[^A-Za-z0-9_]</code>.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/\W/</code> or <code>/[^A-Za-z0-9_]/</code> matches '%' in "50%."</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\s</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches a single white space character, including space, tab, form feed, line feed and other Unicode spaces. Equivalent to <code>[ \f\n\r\t\v\u00a0\u1680\u180e\u2000\u2001\u2002\u2003\u2004 \u2005\u2006\u2007\u2008\u2009\u200a\u2028\u2029\u202f\u205f \u3000]</code>.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/\s\w*/</code> matches ' bar' in "foo bar."</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\S</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches a single character other than white space. Equivalent to <code><code>[^ \f\n\r\t\v\u00a0\u1680\u180e\u2000\u2001\u2002\u2003\u2004 \u2005\u2006\u2007\u2008\u2009\u200a\u2028\u2029\u202f\u205f\u3000]</code></code>.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/\S\w*/</code> matches 'foo' in "foo bar."</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\t</code></td> + <td>Matches a tab.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\r</code></td> + <td>Matches a carriage return.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\n</code></td> + <td>Matches a linefeed.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\v</code></td> + <td>Matches a vertical tab.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\f</code></td> + <td>Matches a form-feed.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>[\b]</code></td> + <td>Matches a backspace. (Not to be confused with <code>\b</code>)</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\0</code></td> + <td>Matches a NUL character. Do not follow this with another digit.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\c<em>X</em></code></td> + <td> + <p>Where <code><em>X</em></code> is a letter from A - Z. Matches a control character in a string.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/\cM/</code> matches control-M in a string.</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\x<em>hh</em></code></td> + <td>Matches the character with the code <code><em>hh</em></code> (two hexadecimal digits)</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\u<em>hhhh</em></code></td> + <td>Matches the character with the Unicode value <code><em>hhhh</em></code> (four hexadecimal digits).</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\</code></td> + <td> + <p>For characters that are usually treated literally, indicates that the next character is special and not to be interpreted literally.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/b/</code> matches the character 'b'. By placing a backslash in front of b, that is by using <code>/\b/</code>, the character becomes special to mean match a word boundary.</p> + + <p><em>or</em></p> + + <p>For characters that are usually treated specially, indicates that the next character is not special and should be interpreted literally.</p> + + <p>For example, * is a special character that means 0 or more occurrences of the preceding character should be matched; for example, <code>/a*/</code> means match 0 or more "a"s. To match <code>*</code> literally, precede it with a backslash; for example, <code>/a\*/</code> matches 'a*'.</p> + </td> + </tr> + </tbody> + <tbody> + <tr id="character-sets"> + <th colspan="2"> + <p>Character Sets</p> + </th> + </tr> + <tr> + <th>Character</th> + <th>Meaning</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>[xyz]</code></td> + <td> + <p>A character set. Matches any one of the enclosed characters. You can specify a range of characters by using a hyphen.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>[abcd]</code> is the same as <code>[a-d]</code>. They match the 'b' in "brisket" and the 'c' in "chop".</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>[^xyz]</code></td> + <td> + <p>A negated or complemented character set. That is, it matches anything that is not enclosed in the brackets. You can specify a range of characters by using a hyphen.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>[^abc]</code> is the same as <code>[^a-c]</code>. They initially match 'o' in "bacon" and 'h' in "chop."</p> + </td> + </tr> + </tbody> + <tbody> + <tr id="boundaries"> + <th colspan="2">Boundaries</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <th>Character</th> + <th>Meaning</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>^</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches beginning of input. If the multiline flag is set to true, also matches immediately after a line break character.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/^A/</code> does not match the 'A' in "an A", but does match the first 'A' in "An A."</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>$</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches end of input. If the multiline flag is set to true, also matches immediately before a line break character.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/t$/</code> does not match the 't' in "eater", but does match it in "eat".</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\b</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches a zero-width word boundary, such as between a letter and a space. (Not to be confused with <code>[\b]</code>)</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/\bno/</code> matches the 'no' in "at noon"; <code>/ly\b/</code> matches the 'ly' in "possibly yesterday."</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\B</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches a zero-width non-word boundary, such as between two letters or between two spaces.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/\Bon/</code> matches 'on' in "at noon", and <code>/ye\B/</code> matches 'ye' in "possibly yesterday."</p> + </td> + </tr> + </tbody> + <tbody> + <tr id="grouping-back-references"> + <th colspan="2">Grouping and back references</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <th>Character</th> + <th>Meaning</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>(<em>x</em>)</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches <code><em>x</em></code> and remembers the match. These are called capturing parentheses.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/(foo)/</code> matches and remembers 'foo' in "foo bar." The matched substring can be recalled from the resulting array's elements <code>[1], ..., [n]</code> or from the predefined <code>RegExp</code> object's properties <code>$1, ..., $9</code>.</p> + + <p>Capturing groups have a performance penalty. If you don't need the matched substring to be recalled, prefer non-capturing parentheses (see below).</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>\<em>n</em></code></td> + <td> + <p>Where <code><em>n</em></code> is a positive integer. A back reference to the last substring matching the n parenthetical in the regular expression (counting left parentheses).</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/apple(,)\sorange\1/</code> matches 'apple, orange,' in "apple, orange, cherry, peach." A more complete example follows this table.</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>(?:<em>x</em>)</code></td> + <td>Matches <code><em>x</em></code> but does not remember the match. These are called non-capturing parentheses. The matched substring can not be recalled from the resulting array's elements <code>[1], ..., [n]</code> or from the predefined <code>RegExp</code> object's properties <code>$1, ..., $9</code>.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + <tbody> + <tr id="quantifiers"> + <th colspan="2">Quantifiers</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <th>Character</th> + <th>Meaning</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code><em>x</em>*</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches the preceding item <em>x</em> 0 or more times.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/bo*/</code> matches 'boooo' in "A ghost booooed" and 'b' in "A bird warbled", but nothing in "A goat grunted".</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code><em>x</em>+</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches the preceding item <em>x</em> 1 or more times. Equivalent to <code>{1,}</code>.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/a+/</code> matches the 'a' in "candy" and all the a's in "caaaaaaandy".</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code><em>x</em>*?</code><br> + <code><em>x</em>+?</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches the preceding item <em>x</em> like <code>*</code> and <code>+</code> from above, however the match is the smallest possible match.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/".*?"/</code> matches '"foo"' in '"foo" "bar"' and does not match '"foo" "bar"' as without the <code>?</code> behind the <code>*</code>.</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code><em>x</em>?</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches the preceding item <em>x</em> 0 or 1 time.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/e?le?/</code> matches the 'el' in "angel" and the 'le' in "angle."</p> + + <p>If used immediately after any of the quantifiers <code>*</code>, <code>+</code>, <code>?</code>, or <code>{}</code>, makes the quantifier non-greedy (matching the minimum number of times), as opposed to the default, which is greedy (matching the maximum number of times).</p> + + <p>Also used in lookahead assertions, described under <code>(?=)</code>, <code>(?!)</code>, and <code>(?:)</code> in this table.</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code><em>x</em>(?=<em>y</em>)</code></td> + <td>Matches <code><em>x</em></code> only if <code><em>x</em></code> is followed by <code><em>y</em></code>. For example, <code>/Jack(?=Sprat)/</code> matches 'Jack' only if it is followed by 'Sprat'. <code>/Jack(?=Sprat|Frost)/</code> matches 'Jack' only if it is followed by 'Sprat' or 'Frost'. However, neither 'Sprat' nor 'Frost' is part of the match results.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code><em>x</em>(?!<em>y</em>)</code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches <code><em>x</em></code> only if <code><em>x</em></code> is not followed by <code><em>y</em></code>. For example, <code>/\d+(?!\.)/</code> matches a number only if it is not followed by a decimal point.</p> + + <p><code>/\d+(?!\.)/.exec("3.141")</code> matches 141 but not 3.141.</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code><em>x</em>|<em>y</em></code></td> + <td> + <p>Matches either <code><em>x</em></code> or <code><em>y</em></code>.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/green|red/</code> matches 'green' in "green apple" and 'red' in "red apple."</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code><em>x</em>{<em>n</em>}</code></td> + <td> + <p>Where <code><em>n</em></code> is a positive integer. Matches exactly <code><em>n</em></code> occurrences of the preceding item <em>x</em>.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/a{2}/</code> doesn't match the 'a' in "candy," but it matches all of the a's in "caandy," and the first two a's in "caaandy."</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code><em>x</em>{<em>n</em>,}</code></td> + <td> + <p>Where <code><em>n</em></code> is a positive integer. Matches at least <code><em>n</em></code> occurrences of the preceding item <em>x</em>.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/a{2,}/</code> doesn't match the 'a' in "candy", but matches all of the a's in "caandy" and in "caaaaaaandy."</p> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code><em>x</em>{<em>n</em>,<em>m</em>}</code></td> + <td> + <p>Where <code><em>n</em></code> and <code><em>m</em></code> are positive integers. Matches at least <code><em>n</em></code> and at most <code><em>m</em></code> occurrences of the preceding item <em>x</em>.</p> + + <p>For example, <code>/a{1,3}/</code> matches nothing in "cndy", the 'a' in "candy," the two a's in "caandy," and the first three a's in "caaaaaaandy". Notice that when matching "caaaaaaandy", the match is "aaa", even though the original string had more a's in it.</p> + </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h3 id="Properties"><span style="font-size: 1.714285714285714rem;">Properties</span></h3> + +<dl> + <dt>{{jsxref("RegExp.prototype")}}</dt> + <dd>Allows the addition of properties to all objects.</dd> + <dt>RegExp.length</dt> + <dd>The value of <code>RegExp.length</code> is 2.</dd> +</dl> + +<div>{{jsOverrides("Function", "Properties", "prototype")}}</div> + +<h3 id="Methods">Methods</h3> + +<p>The global <code>RegExp</code> object has no methods of its own, however, it does inherit some methods through the prototype chain.</p> + +<div>{{jsOverrides("Function", "Methods", "prototype")}}</div> + +<h2 id="RegExp_prototype_objects_and_instances"><code>RegExp</code> prototype objects and instances</h2> + +<h3 id="Properties_2">Properties</h3> + +<div>{{page('en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/prototype','Properties')}}</div> + +<h3 id="Methods_2">Methods</h3> + +<div>{{page('en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/prototype','Methods')}}</div> + +<h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2> + +<h3 id="Example_Using_a_regular_expression_to_change_data_format">Example: Using a regular expression to change data format</h3> + +<p>The following script uses the {{jsxref("String.replace", "replace")}} method of the {{jsxref("Global_Objects/String", "String")}} instance to match a name in the format <em>first last</em> and output it in the format <em>last</em>, <em>first</em>. In the replacement text, the script uses <code>$1</code> and <code>$2</code> to indicate the results of the corresponding matching parentheses in the regular expression pattern.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var re = /(\w+)\s(\w+)/; +var str = "John Smith"; +var newstr = str.replace(re, "$2, $1"); +console.log(newstr);</pre> + +<p>This displays "Smith, John".</p> + +<h3 id="Example_Using_regular_expression_on_multiple_lines">Example: Using regular expression on multiple lines</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var s = "Please yes\nmake my day!"; +s.match(/yes.*day/); +// Returns null +s.match(/yes[^]*day/); +// Returns 'yes\nmake my day' +</pre> + +<h3 id="Example_Using_a_regular_expression_with_the_sticky_flag">Example: Using a regular expression with the "sticky" flag</h3> + +<p>This example demonstrates how one could use the sticky flag on regular expressions to match individual lines of multiline input.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var text = "First line\nSecond line"; +var regex = /(\S+) line\n?/y; + +var match = regex.exec(text); +<span style="font-size: 1rem;">console.log</span>(match[1]); // prints "First" +<span style="font-size: 1rem;">console.log</span>(regex.lastIndex); // prints 11 + +var match2 = regex.exec(text); +<span style="font-size: 1rem;">console.log</span>(match2[1]); // prints "Second" +<span style="font-size: 1rem;">console.log</span>(regex.lastIndex); // prints "22" + +var match3 = regex.exec(text); +<span style="font-size: 1rem;">console.log</span>(match3 === null); // prints "true"</pre> + +<p>One can test at run-time whether the sticky flag is supported, using <code>try { … } catch { … }</code>. For this, either an <code>eval(…)</code> expression or the <code>RegExp(<var>regex-string</var>, <var>flags-string</var>)</code> syntax must be used (since the <code>/<var>regex</var>/<var>flags</var></code> notation is processed at compile-time, so throws an exception before the <code>catch</code> block is encountered). For example:</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var supports_sticky; +try { RegExp('','y'); supports_sticky = true; } +catch(e) { supports_sticky = false; } +alert(supports_sticky); // alerts "true"</pre> + +<h3 id="Example_Regular_expression_and_Unicode_characters">Example: Regular expression and Unicode characters</h3> + +<p>As mentioned above, <code>\w</code> or <code>\W</code> only matches ASCII based characters; for example, 'a' to 'z', 'A' to 'Z', 0 to 9 and '_'. To match characters from other languages such as Cyrillic or Hebrew, use <code>\uhhhh</code>., where "hhhh" is the character's Unicode value in hexadecimal. This example demonstrates how one can separate out Unicode characters from a word.</p> + +<pre class="brush: js">var text = "Образец text на русском языке"; +var regex = /[\u0400-\u04FF]+/g; + +var match = regex.exec(text); +<span style="font-size: 1rem;">console.log</span>(match[0]); // prints "Образец" +<span style="font-size: 1rem;">console.log</span>(regex.lastIndex); // prints "7" + +var match2 = regex.exec(text); +<span style="font-size: 1rem;">console.log</span>(match2[0]); // prints "на" [did not print "text"] +<span style="font-size: 1rem;">console.log</span>(regex.lastIndex); // prints "15" + +// and so on</pre> + +<p>Here's an external resource for getting the complete Unicode block range for different scripts: <a href="http://kourge.net/projects/regexp-unicode-block" title="http://kourge.net/projects/regexp-unicode-block">Regexp-unicode-block</a></p> + +<h3 id="Example_Extracting_subdomain_name_from_URL">Example: Extracting subdomain name from URL</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var url = "http://xxx.domain.com"; +<span style="font-size: 1rem;">console.log</span>(/[^.]+/.exec(url)[0].substr(7)); // prints "xxx"</pre> + +<h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>ECMAScript 1st Edition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.1</td> + <td>Standard</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.10', 'RegExp')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-regexp-regular-expression-objects', 'RegExp')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="Browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</h2> + +<p>{{ CompatibilityTable() }}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Sticky flag ("y")</td> + <td>39 (behind flag)</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("1.9") }} ES4-Style {{bug(773687)}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatNo() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatNo() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatNo() }}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Sticky flag ("y")</td> + <td>{{ CompatNo() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatNo() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("1.9") }} ES4-Style {{bug(773687)}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatNo() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatNo() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatNo() }}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> + +<ul> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions" title="JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions">Regular Expressions</a> chapter in the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide" title="JavaScript/Guide">JavaScript Guide</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/match">String.prototype.match()</a></li> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/replace">String.prototype.replace()</a></li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/regexp/test/index.html b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/regexp/test/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1690ceb375 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/regexp/test/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ +--- +title: RegExp.prototype.test() +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/test +tags: + - جاوا اسکریپت + - جستجو + - متد +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/test +--- +<div dir="rtl"> + {{JSRef("Global_Objects", "RegExp")}}</div> +<h2 dir="rtl" id="Summary" name="Summary">خلاصه</h2> +<p dir="rtl"><strong>متد test یک جستجو برای یافتن رشته خاص در متن یا رشته مورد نظر انجام میدهد و True یا False برمیگرداند.</strong></p> +<h2 dir="rtl" id="Syntax" name="Syntax">ساختار</h2> +<pre dir="rtl"><var>regexObj</var>.test(str)</pre> +<h3 dir="rtl" id="Parameters" name="Parameters"><strong>پارامتر ها</strong></h3> +<dl> + <dt dir="rtl"> + <code>str</code></dt> + <dd dir="rtl"> + <strong>رشته ای که میخواهید با متن مورد نظر تطابق دهید.</strong></dd> +</dl> +<h3 dir="rtl" id="مقدار_بازگشتی"><strong>مقدار بازگشتی</strong></h3> +<p dir="rtl"><strong>مقدار بازگشتی از نوع Boolean بوده و True یا False میباشد.</strong></p> +<h2 dir="rtl" id="Description" name="Description">توضیحات</h2> +<p dir="rtl"><strong>متد test() زمانی استفاده میشود که میخواهید الگو مورد نظر خود را در یک متن جستجو کنید و از وجود آن در متن مورد نظر با خبر شوید.</strong></p> +<p dir="rtl"><strong>متدهای مرتبط :</strong> {jsxref("String.search") , {jsxref("RegExp.exec", "exec")</p> +<h2 dir="rtl" id="Examples" name="Examples">مثال</h2> +<h3 dir="rtl" id="Example:_Using_test" name="Example:_Using_test"><code>مثال: استفاده از test</code></h3> +<p dir="rtl"><strong>مثال زیر یک خروجی را چاپ میکند که اشاره به موفقیت آمیز بودن جستجو دارد:</strong></p> +<pre class="brush: js" dir="rtl">function testinput(re, str){ + var midstring; + if (re.test(str)) { + midstring = " contains "; + } else { + midstring = " does not contain "; + } + console.log(str + midstring + re.source); +} +</pre> +<h2 dir="rtl" id="خصوصیات">خصوصیات</h2> +<table class="standard-table" dir="rtl"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">خصوصیت</th> + <th scope="col">وضعیت</th> + <th scope="col">یاداشت</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>ECMAScript 3rd Edition. Implemented in JavaScript 1.2</td> + <td>Standard</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES5.1', '#sec-15.10.6.3', 'RegExp.test')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES5.1')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-regexp.prototype.test', 'RegExp.test')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +<h2 dir="rtl" id="سازگاری_با_مرورگرها">سازگاری با مرورگرها</h2> +<p dir="rtl">{{ CompatibilityTable() }}</p> +<div dir="rtl" id="compat-desktop"> + <table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>خصوصیات</th> + <th>گوگل کروم</th> + <th>فایرفاکس</th> + <th>اینترنت اکسپلورر</th> + <th>اپرا</th> + <th>سافاری</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>پشتیبانی ابتدایی</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> +</div> +<div dir="rtl" id="compat-mobile"> + <table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>خصوصیات</th> + <th>اندروید</th> + <th>گوگل کروم برای اندروید</th> + <th>فایرفاکس موبایل</th> + <th>اینترنت اکسپلورر موبایل</th> + <th>اپرا موبایل</th> + <th>سافاری موبایل</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>پشتیبانی ابتدایی</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatVersionUnknown() }}</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> +</div> +<h3 dir="rtl" id="sect1"> </h3> +<h3 dir="rtl" id="یادداشتی_برای_Gecko-specific"><strong>یادداشتی برای Gecko-specific</strong></h3> +<p dir="rtl"><strong>قبل از نسخه Gecko 8.0 {{ geckoRelease("8.0") }} تابع test() مشکلاتی به همراه داشت ، زمانی که این تابع بدون پارامتر ورودی فراخوانی میشد الگو را با متن قبلی مطابقت میداد (RegExp.input property) در حالی که بایستی رشته "undefined" را قرار میداد. در حال حاضر این مشکل برطرف شده است و <code>این تابع به درستی کار میکند.</code></strong></p> +<p dir="rtl"> </p> +<p dir="rtl"> </p> +<h2 dir="rtl" id="همچنین_سری_بزنید_به">همچنین سری بزنید به :</h2> +<ul dir="rtl"> + <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions" title="JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions">Regular Expressions</a> chapter in the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide" title="JavaScript/Guide">JavaScript Guide</a></li> + <li>{{jsxref("Global_Objects/RegExp", "RegExp")}}</li> +</ul> diff --git a/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/set/index.html b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/set/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c756b38195 --- /dev/null +++ b/files/fa/web/javascript/reference/global_objects/set/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,459 @@ +--- +title: مجموعه | Set +slug: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Set +tags: + - جاوااسکریپت + - مجموعه +translation_of: Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Set +--- +<div dir="rtl" style="font-family: sahel,iransans,tahoma,sans-serif;"> +<div>{{JSRef}}</div> + +<div>شیء Set به شما اجازه میدهد مجموعه‌ای از مقادیر منحصر به فرد را از هر نوعی که باشند ذخیره کنید، چه {{Glossary("Primitive", "مقادیر اوّلیّه (Primitive)")}} باشند، چه ارجاع‌هایی به اشیاء.</div> + +<h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2> + +<pre class="syntaxbox">new Set([iterable]);</pre> + +<h3 id="پارامترها">پارامترها</h3> + +<dl> + <dt>iterable</dt> + <dd>اگر یک شیء <a href="/fa-IR/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/for...of">قابل شمارش</a> (iterable) باشد، همه‌ی عناصر آن به مجموعه‌ی جدید ما اضافه می‌شوند. null نیز در این‌جا به منزله‌ی undefined است.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="توضیح">توضیح</h2> + +<p>هر شیء Set مجموعه‌ای از مقادیر است. این مقادیر به ترتیبی که به مجموعه اضافه شدند شمارش می‌شوند. یک مقدار در مجموعه فقط می‌تواند یک بار بیاید (مهم‌ترین تفاوت مجموعه و آرایه در همین است که در مجموعه مقدار تکراری نداریم ولی در آرایه می‌توانیم داشته باشیم).</p> + +<h3 id="برابر_بودن_مقدارها">برابر بودن مقدارها</h3> + +<p>از آن جایی که در هر مجموعه باید مقادیر منحصر به فرد داشته باشیم، به صورت خودکار هنگام اضافه شدن عضو جدید به مجموعه برابری مقدارها بررسی میشود. در نسخه‌های قبلی ECMAScript، الگوریتمی که این بررسی استفاده می‌کرد با الگوریتم عملگر === فرق داشت. مخصوصا برای مجموعه‌ها عدد صفر مثبت <bdi>+0</bdi> با صفر منفی <bdi>-0</bdi> متفاوت در نظر گرفته می‌شدند. با این حال در مشخّصاتی که برای ECMAScript 2015 در نظر گرفته شد این مورد تغییر کرد. برای اطّلاعات بیشتر <a href="#Browser compatibility">جدول پشتیبانی مرورگرها</a> از برابری صفر مثبت و منفی را ببینید.</p> + +<p>ضمناً NaN و undefined نیز می‌توانند در یک مجموعه ذخیره شوند. در این مورد NaN با NaN برابر در نظر گرفته میشود (در حالی که به صورت عادی NaN !== NaN است).</p> + +<h2 id="خصیصه‌ها">خصیصه‌ها</h2> + +<dl> + <dt><code>Set.length</code></dt> + <dd>مقدار خصیصه‌ی length همیشه 0 است!</dd> + <dt><bdi>{{jsxref("Set.@@species", "get Set[@@species]")}}</bdi></dt> + <dd>تابع سازنده‌ای است که برای اشیاء مشتق شده به کار می‌رود.</dd> + <dt>{{jsxref("Set.prototype")}}</dt> + <dd>نشان‌دهنده‌ی prototype تابع سازنده‌ی Set است که اجازه میدهد خصیصه‌های جدیدی را به تمام اشیائی که از نوع مجموعه هستند اضافه کنید.</dd> +</dl> + +<h2 id="Set_instances"><code>Set</code> instances</h2> + +<p>تمام نمونه‌های کلاس Set از {{jsxref("Set.prototype")}} ارث‌بری می‌کنند.</p> + +<h3 id="خصیصه‌ها_2">خصیصه‌ها</h3> + +<bdi><p>{{page('en-US/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Set/prototype','Properties')}}</p></bdi> + +<h3 id="متُدها">متُدها</h3> + +<bdi><p>{{page('en-US/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Set/prototype','Methods')}}</p></bdi> + +<h2 id="مثال‌ها">مثال‌ها</h2> + +<h3 id="استفاده_از_شیء_Set">استفاده از شیء Set</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var mySet = new Set(); + +mySet.add(1); +mySet.add(5); +mySet.add("some text"); +var o = {a: 1, b: 2}; +mySet.add(o); + +mySet.add({a: 1, b: 2}); // o is referencing a different object so this is okay + +mySet.has(1); // true +mySet.has(3); // false, 3 has not been added to the set +mySet.has(5); // true +mySet.has(Math.sqrt(25)); // true +mySet.has("Some Text".toLowerCase()); // true +mySet.has(o); // true + +mySet.size; // 4 + +mySet.delete(5); // removes 5 from the set +mySet.has(5); // false, 5 has been removed + +mySet.size; // 3, we just removed one value +</pre> + +<h3 id="شمارش_عناصر_مجموعه">شمارش عناصر مجموعه</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">// iterate over items in set +// logs the items in the order: 1, "some text", {"a": 1, "b": 2} +for (let item of mySet) console.log(item); + +// logs the items in the order: 1, "some text", {"a": 1, "b": 2} +for (let item of mySet.keys()) console.log(item); + +// logs the items in the order: 1, "some text", {"a": 1, "b": 2} +for (let item of mySet.values()) console.log(item); + +// logs the items in the order: 1, "some text", {"a": 1, "b": 2} +//(key and value are the same here) +for (let [key, value] of mySet.entries()) console.log(key); + +// convert Set object to an Array object, with <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/from">Array.from</a> +var myArr = Array.from(mySet); // [1, "some text", {"a": 1, "b": 2}] + +// the following will also work if run in an HTML document +mySet.add(document.body); +mySet.has(document.querySelector("body")); // true + +// converting between Set and Array +mySet2 = new Set([1,2,3,4]); +mySet2.size; // 4 +[...mySet2]; // [1,2,3,4] + +// intersect can be simulated via +var intersection = new Set([...set1].filter(x => set2.has(x))); + +// difference can be simulated via +var difference = new Set([...set1].filter(x => !set2.has(x))); + +// Iterate set entries with forEach +mySet.forEach(function(value) { + console.log(value); +}); + +// 1 +// 2 +// 3 +// 4</pre> + +<h3 id="پیاده‌سازی_عمل‌های_اصلی_در_مجموعه‌ها">پیاده‌سازی عمل‌های اصلی در مجموعه‌ها</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">Set.prototype.isSuperset = function(subset) { + for (var elem of subset) { + if (!this.has(elem)) { + return false; + } + } + return true; +} + +Set.prototype.union = function(setB) { + var union = new Set(this); + for (var elem of setB) { + union.add(elem); + } + return union; +} + +Set.prototype.intersection = function(setB) { + var intersection = new Set(); + for (var elem of setB) { + if (this.has(elem)) { + intersection.add(elem); + } + } + return intersection; +} + +Set.prototype.difference = function(setB) { + var difference = new Set(this); + for (var elem of setB) { + difference.delete(elem); + } + return difference; +} + +//Examples +var setA = new Set([1,2,3,4]), + setB = new Set([2,3]), + setC = new Set([3,4,5,6]); + +setA.isSuperset(setB); // => true +setA.union(setC); // => Set [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] +setA.intersection(setC); // => Set [3, 4] +setA.difference(setC); // => Set [1, 2] + +</pre> + +<h3 id="ارتباط_مجموعه_و_آرایه">ارتباط مجموعه و آرایه</h3> + +<pre class="brush: js">var myArray = ["value1", "value2", "value3"]; + +// Use the regular Set constructor to transform an Array into a Set +var mySet = new Set(myArray); + +mySet.has("value1"); // returns true + +// Use the spread operator to transform a set into an Array. +console.log([...mySet]); // Will show you exactly the same Array as myArray</pre> + +<h2 id="مشخّصات">مشخّصات</h2> + +<table class="standard-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th scope="col">Specification</th> + <th scope="col">Status</th> + <th scope="col">Comment</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ES6', '#sec-set-objects', 'Set')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ES6')}}</td> + <td>Initial definition.</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>{{SpecName('ESDraft', '#sec-set-objects', 'Set')}}</td> + <td>{{Spec2('ESDraft')}}</td> + <td> </td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> + +<h2 id="سازگاری_با_مرورگرها"><a id="سازگاری با مرورگرها" name="سازگاری با مرورگرها">سازگاری با مرورگرها</a></h2> + +<p>{{CompatibilityTable}}</p> + +<div id="compat-desktop"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>ویژگی</th> + <th>Chrome</th> + <th>Edge</th> + <th>Firefox (Gecko)</th> + <th>Internet Explorer</th> + <th>Opera</th> + <th>Safari</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>پشتیبانی ساده</td> + <td> + <p>{{ CompatChrome(38) }} [1]</p> + </td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("13") }}</td> + <td>{{ CompatIE("11") }}</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>7.1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Constructor argument: <code>new Set(iterable)</code></td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("13") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>9.0</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>iterable</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoDesktop("17") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>7.1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Set.clear()</code></td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("19")}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatIE("11") }}</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>7.1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Set.keys(), Set.values(), Set.entries()</code></td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("24")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>7.1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Set.forEach()</code></td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("25")}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatIE("11") }}</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>7.1</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Value equality for -0 and 0</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("29")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>25</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari(9)}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Constructor argument: <code>new Set(null)</code></td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("37")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE(11)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari(7.1)}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Monkey-patched <code>add()</code> in Constructor</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("37")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari(9)}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Set[@@species]</code></td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(51) }}</td> + <td>13</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("41")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatOpera(38) }}</td> + <td>{{CompatSafari(10)}}</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Set()</code> without <code>new</code> throws</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>12</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoDesktop("42")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatIE(11)}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>9</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<div id="compat-mobile"> +<table class="compat-table"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th>Feature</th> + <th>Android</th> + <th>Chrome for Android</th> + <th>Firefox Mobile (Gecko)</th> + <th>IE Mobile</th> + <th>Opera Mobile</th> + <th>Safari Mobile</th> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Basic support</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(38)}} [1]</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoMobile("13") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>8</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Constructor argument: <code>new Set(iterable)</code></td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatChrome(38)}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoMobile("13") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>9</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>iterable</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatGeckoMobile("17") }}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>8</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Set.clear()</code></td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("19")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>8</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Set.keys(), Set.values(), Set.entries()</code></td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("24")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>8</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Set.forEach()</code></td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("25")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>8</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Value equality for -0 and 0</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{ CompatChrome(38) }}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("29")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>{{CompatNo}}</td> + <td>9</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Constructor argument: <code>new Set(null)</code></td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("37")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>8</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td>Monkey-patched <code>add()</code> in Constructor</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatVersionUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("37")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>9</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Set[@@species]</code></td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("41")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>10</td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><code>Set()</code> without <code>new</code> throws</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatGeckoMobile("42")}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>{{CompatUnknown}}</td> + <td>9</td> + </tr> + </tbody> +</table> +</div> + +<p>[1] The feature was available behind a preference from Chrome 31. In <code>chrome://flags</code>, activate the entry “Enable Experimental JavaScript”.</p> + +<h2 id="مطالب_مرتبط">مطالب مرتبط</h2> + +<ul> + <li>{{jsxref("Map")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("WeakMap")}}</li> + <li>{{jsxref("WeakSet")}}</li> +</ul> +</div> |